Afleveringen

  • Michael Hanson, senior US and Canadian economist, and Gabriel Lozano, Head of Mexico Economics, discuss their latest Research Note on the Trump administrationā€™s threatened 25% tariffs on Canada and Mexico. They explore the motivations, risks for retaliation, potential economic implications, and consequences for USMCA.

    This podcast was recorded on January 28, 2025.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients can view the related report at https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4894757-0 for more information; please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures.

    Ā© 2025 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • While absent of immediate trade war, the start of the Trump administration brought little clarity to the US policy path ahead, and we do not change our key calls. Against this backdrop, the global economy is humming along with news supporting our call for global industry to perk up in the coming months. Among the many central banks meeting next week, the Fed (hold) and ECB (-25bp) will be a reminder of the stark divergence between these two economies.

    Speakers:

    Bruce Kasman

    Joseph Lupton

    This podcast was recorded on 24 January 2025.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2025 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

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  • Mondayā€™s Inauguration Day in the US will not be a lifting of the policy fog that many are hoping for but rather just the start of a broad set of sweeping policy changes, the effects of which will take months (or longer) to understand. Still, a likely wave of executive orders will begin a period of busy policy and data tracking. Global industry looks to have perked up at year-end but the surveys remain depressed. Tracking the state of global sentiment as it processes the coming flurry of US actions will be particularly important as a leading indicator.

    Speakers:

    Bruce Kasman

    Joseph Lupton

    This podcast was recorded on 17 January 2025.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2025 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Jahangir Aziz joins Nora Szentivanyi to discuss the outlook for US trade policy, its impact on the rest of the world and how views on tariffs have evolved in the past month or so. Our 2025 outlook assumes that new tariffs from the Trump administration will be targeted at China. A clear risk to our baseline view is that increases in US tariffs will be more widespread.

    Speakers:Nora Szentivanyi, Global Economic and Policy Research Jahangir Aziz, Emerging Markets Economic and Policy Research

    This podcast was recorded on January 14, 2025.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients can view the related reports at https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4773721-0,https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4882648-0, and https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4885198-0. For more information; please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2025 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved.

  • Recent data support our long-standing view for resilient growth, elevated sticky inflation, and constrained central bank easing. The known unknowns around US policy reinforce these views but are also raising financial and macro risks that have both a directional and timing uncertainty.

    Speakers:

    Bruce Kasman

    Joseph Kasman

    This podcast was recorded on 10 January 2025.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2025 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Sajjid Chinoy joins Nora Szentivanyi to discuss the outlook for EM Asian economies in 2025. The tech cycle upswing, underpinned by AI-related demand, has been crucial to the regionā€™s resilience in 2024. While these tech tailwinds are likely to sustain, the regional outlook for 2025 is heavily clouded by a US-China Trade War 2.0. In contrast to the last US-China trade war, the rest of the region is more vulnerable this time around because activity is still much below the pre-pandemic path and the shock itself is likely to be more acute (potentially larger increase in tariffs with the transshipment escape-valve closed). Moreover, the policy space to respond ā€“ especially on fiscal ā€“ is more constrained this time. So the collateral damage on the region, while differentiated across countries, is likely to be larger than commonly presumed.

    This podcast was recorded on January 09, 2025.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients can view the related report at https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4866513-0 for more information; please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures.

    Ā© 2025 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • A number of elements of our high-for-long rate narrative will be tested by data and policy guidance this quarter. We will receive greater clarity on the direction of US policy where we expect the new administration to eschew extremes on trade and immigration policy while moving forward quickly on regulatory relief. Our expectation for a lift in global industry and firming in goods prices is already being challenged by a disappointing global mfg. PMI. On inflation we do not see a repeat of the past two yearā€™s front-loaded price increases, but look for the persistence of sticky global core CPI gains.

    Speakers:

    Bruce Kasman

    Joseph Lupton

    This podcast was recorded on 3 January 2025.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2025 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Global industry is getting a boost from firming final demand. We are bullish for manufacturing in the coming monthsā€”to be supported by next weekā€™s expected December reports on US retail sales and G-4 flash PMI readings. Central banks are still easing but the drivers have turned more domestic. Next weekā€™s projected 25bp Fed cut would bring the 2024 easing cycle to 100bp, despite material upside surprises this year to both growth and core inflation forecasts. (The Weekender will return January 3; Happy holidays to all!)

    Speakers:

    Bruce Kasman

    Joseph Lupton

    This podcast was recorded on 13 December 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Nora Szentivanyi, Vinicius Moreira & Tingting Ge. Despite a slowing in Chinaā€™s headline GDP growth post-pandemic, Emerging Market (EM) commodity exporters have benefited from their ties with China. China has actively sought to stockpile commodities and relocate its supply chain away from the West towards EMs. China has also more than offset the loss of export market share in the West by increasing its presence in other EM countries. A further rise in US tariffs on China will hurt China growth and that of EM manufacturing exporters. But EM commodity exporters could be buffered if China doubles down on friend-shoring commodity imports. Going forward, Chinaā€™s growth impact on the rest of EM will likely be determined by the evolution of trade tensions with the US as well as Chinaā€™s policy response.

    This podcast was recorded on 11 December 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients can view the related report at https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4817591-0 for more information; please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures.

    Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • The latest data support our call for resilient, albeit divergent, growth. The PMIs for last month show global GDP tracking a strong, above potential pace with some welcome improvement for global industry. The US and China stand out to the upside, while Europe is the weak link. Despite resilient growth and sticky, elevated inflation, central banks seem inclined to continue their easing cycles.

    Speakers:

    Bruce Kasman

    Joseph Lupton

    This podcast was recorded on 6 December 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Ravi Balakrishnan and Francis Diamond discuss a deep dive into the growth, inflation, and rates outlook for the Euro area, UK, and Sweden, and various risk scenarios.

    This podcast was recorded on 26 November 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients can view the related report at https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4849003-0,https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4852356-0, for more information; please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures.

    Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Nora Szentivanyi and Michael Hanson discuss their key takeaways from the October CPI reports and the outlook for the coming year. Global core inflation remained sticky at 3.1% both on a three-month annualized and year-ago basis, while headline inflation ticked higher to 2.9%oya. While the sectoral gap between services and goods is finally narrowing there is considerable country variation with respect to the strength of services inflation. The coming trade war is likely to temper global growth while adding to inflation. The timing and magnitude of the coming US policy shifts remain highly uncertain and should add to the variation in inflation outcomes.

    This podcast was recorded on 26 November 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients can view the related report at https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4852504-0, https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4845587-0, https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4773721-0 for more information; please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures.

    Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • We published our year-ahead outlook this week and discuss the key points in the latest Weekender. Against a backdrop of our high-for-long soft-landing scenario, two key developments are the recent US election and the shift in cycle drivers from global forces to more domestic factors. Recent data on the November flash PMIs underscore growing divergences.

    Speakers:

    Joseph Lupton

    Nora Szentivanyi

    This podcast was recorded on 22 November 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Haibin Zhu, joined by Grace Ng and Tingting Ge, will discuss what the red sweep and tariff war 2.0 risk means for China, and implications on Taiwan and Hong Kong. Two major themes affect our 2025 growth outlook, namely Chinaā€™s domestic policy shift since late September, and the Trump win in the US presidential election. While we think the odds of a 10% across-the-board tariff in 2025 are low, in part for procedural reasons, the probability of a significant tariff hike on China imports has increased significantly. This stands in contrast with our previous assumption of no major change in trade policy in 2025 and has significant implications on the Greater China 2025 macro growth and policy outlook.

    This podcast was recorded on Nov 22, 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients can view the related report at https://jpmorganmarkets.com/research/content/GPS-4842856-0, and https://jpmorganmarkets.com/research/content/GPS-4773721-0 for more information; please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved.

  • Katie, Nicolaie and Steven debate exposures across EM Edge to the potential policy shifts of a second Trump administration. EM Edge would seem the most exposed given their low diversification, high funding needs, openness to trade and shallower local capital markets. Yet, starting points are generally more favorable than compared to past global shocks as fundamentals have improved. Reliance on volatile market funding is also less and FX reserves are higher. While Edge economies, as with most global economies, would be exposed, there are relative points of pressure and other economies that could benefit. The podcast debates three channels through which Edge economies could be exposed to policy changes in the US: trade, immigration and funding conditions.

    Speakers:Katherine Marney, Emerging Markets Economic and Policy Research Nicolaie Alexandru, EM, Economic and Policy ResearchSteven Palacio, EM, Economics Research

    This podcast was recorded on 20 November 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients can view the related report at https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4837413-0, https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4844291-0 for more information; please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • The combination of resurgent consumer spending and persistently sticky inflation near 3% is challenging consensus calls for Goldilocks. Next weekā€™s flash PMIs will be the first data prints post US election, and we will be closely watching the vibe expressed in the future output components. Manufacturing should indicate caution given trade war concerns, while the broader all-industry measure could show some widening divergence between the US and the rest of the world.

    Speakers:

    Bruce Kasman

    Joseph Lupton

    This podcast was recorded on 15 November 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Bruce Kasman and Joe Lupton discuss how the US election is a material shock to the baseline, but one that reinforces our view that pushed back against a consensus for an immaculate disinflation. A careful assessment of the coming supply and demand shocks to the global economy will lead us to expect diverse growth outcomes but undeniably higher inflation and less policy easing.

    This podcast was recorded on November 8, 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Ahead of the all-important US election, the data tracking at the start of 4Q is mixed but supportive of a resilient expansion. A noisy October US labor report should be faded, but strong 3Q GDP growth and healthy income gains are constructive. Nevertheless, moderating wages gains should help the Fed ease at next weekā€™s meeting while presenting an open mind about December. Elsewhere, we look for a 25bp cut from the BoE next week as well as an announcement of further China stimulus.

    Speakers:

    Bruce Kasman

    Joseph Lupton

    This podcast was recorded on 1 November 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Michael Feroli, Chief US Economist, and Samantha Azzarello, Head of Content Strategy, discuss the October jobs report.

    Speakers:

    Michael Feroli

    Samantha Azzarello

    This podcast was recorded on 1 November 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

  • Katie, Nicolaie, Gbolahan and Steven discuss takeaways for EM Edge economies from last weekā€™s IMF/World Bank meetings. Investors started the year ready to increase their exposures to EM Edge economies spurred by improved fundamentals, attractive valuations and reduced US recession risks. Improving fiscal and current accounts, better growth, high nominal (and real) rates and structural reform efforts drove interest in a diverse set of Edge economies. That interest remains intact. Yet, stories remain highly idiosyncratic which warrants differentiation. Following an overview of broad themes, the podcast goes into the most top-of-mind frontier markets from last weekā€™s meetings.

    Speakers:

    Katherine Marney, Emerging Markets Economic and Policy ResearchGbolahan Taiwo, EM, Economic and Policy ResearchNicolaie Alexandru-Chidesciuc, EM, Economic and Policy ResearchSteven Palacio, EM, Economics Research

    This podcast was recorded on 31 October 2024.

    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients can view the related report at https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4829599-0 for more information; please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. Ā© 2024 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (ā€œJ.P. Morgan Dataā€) in any third-party artificial intelligence (ā€œAIā€) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.