Afleveringen
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Episode #316: “Hunger and undernutrition in Myanmar is a political failure, and it’s a conscious political failure that's devastating,” says Thin Lei Win, a journalist dedicated to exposing Myanmar’s struggles with food security and press freedom.
As a co-founder of Kite Tales, a non-profit storytelling project, she seeks to challenge mainstream narratives by amplifying personal stories that reflect Myanmar’s diverse realities. She says that before the 2021 coup, journalists were beginning to move beyond just reactions to events into more nuanced kinds of stories, but since the coup, press freedom has deteriorated, forcing many into exile or silence.
Thin also highlights the paradox of Myanmar’s food production: despite its fertile soil, ample water and warm climate, large numbers of Burmes suffer from malnutrition due to political neglect and systemic policies. The military’s Four Cuts strategy has worsened food insecurity, using starvation as a weapon to control vulnerable communities. She argues that this is not simply a result of poverty but a deliberate choice by those in power.
Beyond food and press freedom, Thin is deeply concerned about climate change’s impact on Myanmar. Extreme weather disproportionately affects farmers, exacerbating existing inequalities. She advocates for sustainable farming and policy reforms to address these interconnected crises.
The post-coup resistance has led to a shift in Myanmar’s cultural and political consciousness. People are increasingly questioning traditional authorities, including the role of Buddhism in politics. Thin believes meaningful change will require difficult conversations and sustained activism. “If given a chance to rebuild, I think we can build a Myanmar that is so much stronger, caring, truly caring, and a force for good,” she says.
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Episode #315: Responding to the question of why he left a comfortable life in Australia to join the resistance against the Burmese military in Karenni state, Jay says, “I would just say it's the crimes against the children. I have a child myself, and we're extremely lucky to be in a Western country where my child can grow up relatively safe. Seeing the reels and videos about children being murdered pulled on my heartstrings, big time. That was the driving factor of me wanting to do something.”
Inspired by a chance social media encounter highlighting atrocities committed by the military in Myanmar, Jay traveled to Karenni State to offer medical expertise he had learned during his stint in the Australian army. There, he found a region ravaged by violence largely overlooked by the international community, yet powered by an unyielding hope for freedom.
Jay offers a harrowing portrait of his time in Karenni: traversing the unforgiving terrain; working in under-resourced and makeshift medical outposts; stumbling across atrocities; and seeing displaced families struggling to survive. Jay worked alongside Karenni fighters, providing life-saving medical care in the face of overwhelming challenges, including a devastating mine explosion that killed several and left others critically injured.
His vivid accounts also stress the resilience and determination of the Karenni people. Whether describing children navigating life in refugee camps or the solemn unity of funeral ceremonies for fallen fighters, Jay paints a portrait of a community bound by courage and faith. Despite lacking funding or proper equipment, the Karenni fighters persist against the oppressive junta, motivated by a shared vision of liberation.
In reflecting on his experiences, Jay expresses a deep sense of gratitude for his own circumstances and a renewed commitment to using his privileges to help others. “The Karenni people and the Burmese people are just strong,” he says. “They don’t get paid at all; they’re only in it for freedom. A lot of them have had families killed at the hands of Burmese soldiers, but their community takes care of them. This sense of unity is huge. You can just see it in their way of life.”
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Zijn er afleveringen die ontbreken?
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Episode #314: Celito Arlegue, the Executive Director of the Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats (CALD), offers a reflective account of his organization's involvement with Myanmar. He discusses CALD's initial engagement with Myanmar’s National League for Democracy (NLD), providing training and support leading up to the 2015 elections, and recalls the optimism of that period, with many NLD members showing remarkable resilience despite years of imprisonment and torture. These experiences were life-changing for Arlegue, who was struck by the leaders' focus on national reconciliation and democratic progress instead of any justifiable animosity toward the military.
However, Arlegue also admits that CALD was unprepared for the challenges the NLD would face in governance, particularly during the Rohingya crisis. The complexities of this crisis strained relations between CALD and the NLD, as the organization struggled to balance its support for democracy with the need to address human rights violations. Arlegue expresses regret that CALD did not do more during this period, acknowledging the difficulty of navigating such a delicate situation.
In the aftermath of the 2021 military coup, CALD’s connections with Myanmar’s democratic forces have become increasingly difficult to maintain, as many leaders are now in exile or imprisoned. Arlegue underscores the importance of international recognition for the National Unity Government (NUG) and calls for greater support for Myanmar's resistance forces, including military aid. Despite the challenges, Arlegue remains hopeful, recognizing the extraordinary courage and determination of the Myanmar people in their fight for democracy and human rights.
“I have to say that I'm really surprised that ASEAN is not recognizing this as a regional security issue,” he says. “The mere fact that it's happening within our borders, and as ASEAN, we could not do anything about it! It really baffles me why ASEAN is not doing enough on this particular issue.” Arlegue further calls on ASEAN to recognize the NUG and CRPH as “the legitimate voices of the Myanmar people.”
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Episode #313: This second interview with Friedgard Lottermoser, recorded in 2023 before her she passed away on August 8th, 2024, delves deeper into her remarkable journey from wartime Berlin to Burma, where her life was inexorably shaped by her 1959 Vipassana course under Sayagyi U Ba Khin. She agreed to share her story only posthumously, due to concerns that the Goenka Vipassana Organization might block her acceptance to long-courses.
This chapter of Friedgard’s story unfolds during her formative years in Burma, where she encountered the transformative teachings of U Ba Khin, a pioneering Burmese meditation teacher who emphasized Vipassana as a means of liberation. Through her reflections, she recounts profound spiritual breakthroughs, including instructions reserved only for advanced practitioners, which allowed her to experience deeper stages of meditation and the impermanence of existence.
U Ba Khin’s mentorship shines as a cornerstone of her journey. His ability to guide students through advanced meditative states, such as the “bhaṅga,” is paired with his emphasis on self-discipline and spiritual resilience. Friedgard’s narrative also highlights her connection with Mother Sayama, whose rapid spiritual evolution and steadfast dedication exemplified the transformative potential of Vipassana. Meanwhile, the influence of Webu Sayadaw, who inspired U Ba Khin to teach widely, contextualizes the broader spiritual lineage in which these practices are rooted.
Friedgard also reflects on the role of S.N. Goenka, one of U Ba Khin’s most prominent disciples. As Goenka transitioned from student to global teacher, his journey paralleled the spread of Burmese Vipassana worldwide, underscoring the universal applicability of these teachings.
“When Goenka was successful in India, U Ba Khin has said, ‘Oh, I will go to India!’ That was shortly before his death. If he didn't die, he would probably try and get to India,” she says. “He thought he should be very encouraging of Goenka, so he used to say, ‘You are not doing this on your own. I'm behind you. You are doing it on my behalf. Don't worry, you will be successful.’”
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Episode #312: August grew up in a loving household in Taunggyi, albeit one steeped in conservative values and connected to the military. But as he matured, his worldview began to diverge from his family’s, especially after he attended a pre-collegiate program where he heard firsthand stories of the military's brutality against ethnic minorities. These accounts shattered the narrative he had grown up with, creating a rift between him and his family, particularly his grandfather, who had once been involved in suppressing protests.
August also faced challenges regarding his sexuality. Coming out as gay deepened the distance between him and his family, though his mother eventually showed signs of acceptance. This tension came to a head during the February 2021 military coup. August’s mother downplayed the coup, urging patience, but August felt an urgency to act. He joined student protests, which led to his expulsion from school, and ultimately, to his leaving home.
The risks of staying in Myanmar grew, with threats from the military and sexual harassment from a civil society supervisor forcing August to flee to Thailand in November, 2022. In Chiang Mai, he found a supportive community of like-minded exiles. He organizes protests, used art as a form of activism, and remains committed to the resistance. Despite the struggles, August’s story is one of resilience, community, and an unyielding hope for a free Myanmar.
Reflecting on his journey and the state of the resistance, August says, “We take some time to take a rest, to take a break, and we regenerate, re-energize, and come back to support again and again. You get burned out because you are putting a lot of yourself out. It's like a vicious cycle [for us].” However, he is still filled with optimism that they will eventually preserve. “What I am proud the most is because of our work, we could wake the emotions so that we can be part of the revolution again.”
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Episode #311: Paul Salopek’s Out of Eden Walk is an extraordinary journey that retraces the migration paths of early Homo sapiens while examining the intersections of history, culture, and modernity. A Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist, Salopek embarked on this transcontinental project in 2013 traveling by foot, starting from Africa’s Rift Valley; it will end in Tierra del Fuego. As he walks, experiences humanity’s age-old urge to move, he collects stories and makes connections with the landscapes and people he encounters, finding humanity’s shared struggles and triumphs.
In early 2020, Salopek waked into Myanmar, where he experienced the profound impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the military coup that followed. Stranded in a rural village, he documented the skillful ways that local farmers adapted to isolation and scarcity; he immersed himself in their routines. Later, quarantined in a hotel in Yangon during the coup’s early days, he observed the city’s descent into chaos. He prepared for uncertainty by storing water and food.
Salopek witnessed the courageous resistance of Myanmar’s youth, who improvised weapons in their fight against the heavily armed junta, wielding trash-can lids as shields and crafting makeshift bows and arrows. Despite their bravery, the brutal crackdown highlighted the tragic power imbalance between civilians and the regime. These experiences left Salopek reflecting on the systemic media neglect of crises like Myanmar’s, which he compared to underreported conflicts in Africa. He argued that a lack of strategic resources and geopolitical significance often relegates such struggles to global obscurity.
Amid this neglect, Salopek praised the resilience of Myanmar’s people, who, despite immense challenges, continued to resist and document their plight. “Keep Myanmar in your heart,” he urged, emphasizing the importance of sustained attention and solidarity for those enduring these crises.
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In this bonus episode, we are sharing four interviews conducted by the Democratic Voice of Burma (DVB).
First, Isabel Todd, the coordinator at the Special Advisory Council for Myanmar (SAC-M), discusses international advocacy on Myanmar. The SAC-M was founded by three international experts on Myanmar following the 2021 military coup.
Next, a new cyber safety campaign called Stop Online Harm was launched last year in Myanmar. Its program lead, Hetty, shares how its resources and technology tools help build capacity and raise awareness, as well as develop strategies for change from global technology companies and governments.
Third, Ashley South, the author of “Conflict, Complexity and Climate Change,” talks about the UN Climate Change Conference COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan from Nov. 11-22. He introduces the Kawthoolei Climate Action Plan, which was presented by two Karen leaders at COP29 and will be officially announced sometime this year.
Last, Noor Azizah, the co-founder of the Rohingya Maiyafuinor Collaborative Network, shares about the launch of the Rohingya women and refugee-led organization. Their team now works on human rights and education with refugee and diaspora communities, focusing on women, peace and security. One year after the launch of RMCN, her team has visited Rohingya women and children to provide support in Indonesia and Malaysia.
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Episode #310: Mike shares an in-depth look at the Burma Front during World War II, emphasizing the forgotten contributions of Merrill's Marauders, a U.S. long-range penetration unit tasked with seizing the Myitkyina airfield. The airfield was crucial in maintaining Allied supply lines, but the mission was grueling, with only 130 out of 2,750 soldiers remaining combat-fit by the end.
In 1995, Mike accompanied veterans on an emotional return to Burma to revisit wartime locations, including Myitkyina. But the trip was marred by strict military oversight from the Burmese junta, who attempted to co-opt the visit for their own propaganda purposes. Nevertheless, the veterans succeeded in reconnecting with key sites and honoring their fallen comrades, and recovering the remains of U.S. servicemen missing in action, which was complicated by sensitive political barriers, but resolved through the involvement of Senator John McCain.
The discussion also delves into Mike's spiritual journey with Burmese mysticism, particularly the weikza tradition, which blends meditation and supernatural beliefs. Mike describes how this practice influenced his perspective on Burma, helping him understand its complexities through both historical and spiritual lenses. He came to believe that he had been a member of the Ta'ang ethnic group in a past life, deepening his connection to Burma's cultural heritage.
"The thing is, see things as they really are, and then act with skillful action," Mike says, urging listeners to strip away biases and conditioned perspectives to truly understand Burma's complex realities. "Stop it! You have colored glasses on through a conditioned mind, and you're making wrong decisions about Burma and everything else, and what is Myanmar, and so we have to do is clear that conditioned mind and see things as we are and deal with things right there."
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This interview was recorded before the recent suspension of USAID programs under the Trump administration, which has placed the future of the Diversity and Inclusivity Scholarship Program (DISP) in jeopardy. As a USAID-supported initiative that equips Burmese educators with skills for inclusive and culturally relevant teaching, the program that Maw Maw Tun and Chan Lwin describe in this episode now faces uncertainty about its continuation.
Episode #309: Myanmar's educational landscape has faced immense challenges, especially due to the the COVID-19 pandemic, and then the 2021 military coup, which created significant barriers for marginalized communities. Despite these difficulties, individuals like Chan Lwin and Maw Maw Tun are working to make education more inclusive and adaptive across Myanmar.
Chan and Maw lead the Diversity and Inclusivity Scholarship Program (DISP), an initiative supported by USAID that aims to empower teachers. Chan oversees DISP’s strategic direction, while Maw is lead instructor, conducting weekly Zoom sessions that help educators adapt blended learning methods to fit their communities. Their collaboration ensures that teachers not only gain skills but also receive ongoing support in applying these skills effectively.
Historically, Myanmar's education system has been centralized, controlled by state ideology, and emphasizing rote learning. The 2011 political reforms encouraged some changes, but disparities persist, especially between urban and rural areas. The pandemic highlighted these inequities as schools moved online, and rural students faced a lack of access to reliable internet and devices.
DISP is dedicated to empowering educators, with an emphasis on diversity and inclusion. Teachers from different ethnic and linguistic backgrounds are involved to create a more representative and culturally sensitive curriculum. They are also supported in creating resources in their native languages, which helps make education more meaningful and accessible.
Maw emphasizes the importance of starting with what is possible: “We have to start with ourselves—doing what is possible now. It's not about a perfect scenario but about making a real difference with what we have.” This encapsulates the spirit of DISP, empowering local educators to shape their own paths and ensure a sustainable, resilient future for Myanmar's education system.
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Episode #308: “Stop saying that, 'Oh, China is in Cambodia. Vietnam is in Cambodia. We will never be able to win the war and to go back to Cambodia. Stop putting that into your mind. Stop living in fear! One thing I learned from Aung San Suu Kyi is living in fear. I refuse to live in fear. Live beyond that.”
Mu Sochua, an exiled Cambodian politician, reflects on her journey from the devastation of the Khmer Rouge genocide to advocating for democracy and justice. A tireless opponent of Hun Sen’s authoritarian regime, Sochua recounts Cambodia’s history of war, resistance, and the transformative efforts she has led to empower women and rebuild society. Her campaign redefined cultural norms by elevating the status of women, a symbolic victory that spurred legislative change.
Sochua draws strength and inspiration from Myanmar’s pro-democracy movement, admiring their creativity and defiance against military oppression. She highlights the National Unity Government’s efforts to maintain essential services, presenting them as a model for Cambodia’s diaspora-led resistance. She also met with Aung San Suu Kyi, which reinforced her belief in leadership that combines compassion and resolve, inspiring Sochua’s vision for a unified Cambodian movement.
Critiquing Cambodia’s reliance on cybercrime and unchecked environmental exploitation for income, Sochua emphasizes the urgency of systemic reform. She urges the Cambodian diaspora to overcome disunity and advocate collectively for change, warning that fragmentation undermines international support. Despite exile, Sochua leads the Khmer Movement for Democracy, lobbying for sanctions and preparing for free and fair elections.
“When we heard that there is a part of NLD, there is a group that will go for arms conflict, at first we were shocked! We were not in favor. And then, the question is, 'So, what's the what's the solution? Do we wait for ASEAN? Does Myanmar continue to wait for ASEAN, for the international community?' No, and lowering the tenacity, the resilience, the pride or the history of the people of Myanmar that have suffered so much, have fought so much. This is the last fight.”
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Episode #307:
Ashley South's exploration of Myanmar began as a journey into the unknown. He first worked with Karen refugees in Thailand, where he struggled to deal with the many cultural and religious differences. But over time, his understanding of Myanmar was transformed, deepening his connection with the people.
Traveling extensively through Kachin, Shan, and Mon states, South's insights reveal Myanmar not as a true “nation state,” but more a tapestry of distinct, ethnic identities, and a colonial creation held together by force. While advocating for the assertion of ethnic identities, he highlights the challenges of ethnic identity politics, acknowledging the risks of an exclusionary movement and intragroup conflict, like the fragmented Karen nationalist movement. For South, an inclusive, federal government is the only way forward that would prevent Myanmar from fragmenting into isolated enclaves.
The impact of climate change is another key concern for South. He explains that rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events will severely impact Myanmar, particularly its agricultural base. Coastal regions like the Irrawaddy Delta face significant risks due to rising sea levels, which could displace millions.
"I don't expect the state of Myanmar to recover in my lifetime, partly for political reasons," he says soberly towards the end of the discussion. "But also [stemming from] the impacts of climate change, I think that these are going to be devastating. And so I don't expect a coherent Myanmar state to recover. I think that does have massive humanitarian implications, which will inevitably drive huge suffering and displacement, which are not things to celebrate. But also it does create a political opportunity for the reemergence of these identities and associated political spaces that have arguably really been suppressed since the emergence of the modern nation-state."
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Episode #306: John Quinley, a Director at Fortify Rights, notes that his initial interest in Myanmar arose during his high school years when he lived in Thailand, and he recounts a humanitarian mission into Shan State deeply impacted him during that time. He has been involved ever since.
Quinley describes how before the coup, Fortify Rights led participatory training to build a knowledge of human rights, helping communities document abuses, and making connections with international legal mechanisms like the International Criminal Court (ICC). The 2021 coup shattered the country’s tenuous transition to democracy, forcing Fortify Rights to pivot to providing emergency support—helping activists find safehouses, providing grants, and documenting the junta’s abuses against peaceful protesters.
Quinley speaks about the importance of regulating his own emotions while facing secondary trauma from witnessing and documenting human rights abuses. He emphasizes the need to remain empathetic while staying clinical, striving to support those in Myanmar without being overwhelmed by the suffering he encountered.
A central theme of Quinley's message concerns the resilience of Myanmar's people. He highlights efforts by ethnic armed groups and the National Unity Government (NUG) to build an inclusive, democratic future, in contrast to the exclusionary policies of the military regime and even the past administrations of the National League for Democracy. To Quinley, the NUG's unprecedented step of appointing Rohingya representatives signals a shift towards greater inclusivity.
Quinley remains hopeful, seeing the courage and determination of Myanmar's youth, the cooperation across ethnic lines, and the rise of local governance structures that operate independently of the junta. As he notes in closing, “The Myanmar people have said, 'We will still build a future, fight for our rights, and create alternative systems to meet our own needs.'”
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Episode #305: Paul Sein Twa is a Karen environmentalist whose life and work embody the intersection of conservation, indigenous rights, and the pursuit of peace. He shares his journey growing up along the Burma-Thailand border, where he witnessed the massive deforestation caused by unchecked logging, and how it motivated him to dedicate his life to preserving Myanmar's natural landscapes and empowering indigenous communities.
The conversation delves into Paul's work with the Salween Peace Park, an initiative that combines ecological conservation with cultural preservation and fostering community resilience. Paul passionately describes the relationship his people hold with the land, where nature is not merely a resource but a sacred heritage that sustains both body and spirit. The Peace Park represents a vision of governance driven by the principles of stewardship and indigenous wisdom, showing how conservation can also be a form of resistance against military exploitation and political oppression.
Paul describes the challenges and triumphs of maintaining environmental integrity in a conflict-ridden region. He talks about working with the Karen National Union to create policies that support sustainable development while resisting exploitative military-backed projects. He highlights the importance of building resilience from the grassroots level and engaging local communities as key actors in managing their territories.
“We cannot just talk about environmental conservation without recognizing the human rights of the people who are living in that territory. We have to first recognize the rights of the indigenous people and local communities, and that's where we talk about human rights-based approach to conservation. This is exactly what we the Peace Park is doing! And then, by recognizing our rights, and then by holding hand with other communities, we can… can achieve more, right?” With these words, Paul Sein Twa offers a powerful reminder: the fight for the environment is not merely about preserving nature—it is about safeguarding the soul of a people.
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Episode #304: In this episode, we bring together three guests who share stories of resilience, artistry, and the transformative power of creative expression when faced with the challenges of displacement and conflict.
Elisabeth Win, the Outreach Coordinator of Joy House, discusses its role as a safe space for Burmese refugees in Thailand, focusing on psychosocial support through music, art, and vocational training. She highlights Joy House’s efforts to bridge cultural gaps between the Thai host community and Burmese refugees by providing free classes and outreach programs in local schools. Elisabeth also explains the challenges refugees face, including legal insecurity and cultural adjustment, and the importance of fostering goodwill with the Thai community.
Phoe San shares his journey as a violinist and music teacher who fled Myanmar after the coup due to his activism, including leading a violin protest movement. Despite challenges, he continues to teach violin online and in Thai refugee communities, emphasizing the instrument's expressive and therapeutic potential. He reflects on using music to memorialize victims of the military’s violence, sharing a poignant story of playing at the site of a friend’s death. Phoe San sees a healing power in music which can help displaced individuals, and he highlights the transformative power of art in conflict zones.
Daniel Saw recounts his escape from Myanmar following the military coup, detailing the dangers of crossing into Thailand with his family. Now a music producer and teacher, he gives piano lessons and vocal classes to support himself and displaced communities. Daniel reflects on the importance of art in emotional healing and self-expression, noting that music fosters resilience and offers a creative outlet for trauma relief.
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Episode #303: Hagar International, founded by Pierre Tami in Cambodia in 1994, began with a mission to support a single abused woman but quickly grew to assist thousands of vulnerable individuals affected by extreme human rights abuses. Catherine Kirkendall, the Executive Director of Hagar’s U.S. office, joins the podcast to discuss their organization’s mission.
In the aftermath of the Khmer Rouge, Cambodia was left a devastated infrastructure and widespread poverty on top of its national trauma. Hagar's work expanded organically as the community's need for systemic support became evident. The organization played a significant role in transitioning from institutional care to family-based support, ensuring children had access to stable and nurturing environments.
In Myanmar, Hagar has worked for over a decade, partnering with local organizations to build capacity, provide trauma-informed care, and support resilience-building to address the widespread trauma resulting from trafficking and political turmoil. By offering culturally appropriate counseling and economic empowerment programs, Hagar aims to support communities under increasing strain.
In addition to its work in Cambodia and Myanmar, Hagar also operates in Afghanistan and Thailand. In Afghanistan, they assist boys exploited through Bacha Bazi, a coercive practice involving sexual abuse. In Thailand, Hagar collaborates with authorities to combat child exploitation, focusing on building strong legal cases.
Hagar’s approach wherever it operates is grounded in trauma-informed care, restorative justice, and long-term reintegration for survivors, while empowering them to rebuild their lives. Kirkendall emphasizes that systemic change is essential to prevent exploitation, focusing on individual impacts that create broader community ripples, even when the challenges seem overwhelming.
"It is tough. It is very hard," she acknowledges of the work. "All that we can do is focus on the individuals that we can work with and know that each individual then causes that ripple in their own community. And so it's that focus on each person, because otherwise, you look at the whole and it does become overwhelming and depressing."
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Episode #302: We are joined by Jansen Stovicek, a former monk from the Czech Republic who spent many years in Myanmar as Ashin Sarana. He discusses the intersection of Buddhism and Myanmar's challenging political landscape, with a focus on Thabarwa Sayadaw, an influential yet polarizing monk who inspires both deep reverence and strong controversy. (Note that we will refer to Ashin Sarana by his monastic name here, as at the time of the interview, he had not yet disrobed.)
Ashin Sarana notes that Thabarwa Sayadaw has repeatedly made statements that seem both supportive of the military and openly questioning democratic forces, suggesting that the latter lacks emotional maturity and stability—yet he and his supporters insist on his neutrality. This claim is further belied by controversial remarks he has made about the country’s non-Buddhists, which often appear dismissive or at best, ambiguous. These comments minimize the historic and ongoing suffering of the country’s minorities at the hands of the military. Thabarwa’s own statements have created much distance between himself and Myanmar’s democratic movement.
Beyond his political stance, Thabarwa’s skepticism toward economic development and education—which he views as eroding core Buddhist values—has placed him at odds with advocates of modernization. He has expressed concern that development poses a risk to religious devotion, which he sees as fundamental to Burmese identity, and he has spoken in ways that indicate a belief in the military as a force that protects traditional values.
A core theme in Thabarwa’s worldview concerns his definition of “peace.” For him, true peace is not just about the absence of violence; it lies in the presence of unwavering devotion to the Buddha, Dhamma, and Sangha. By this logic, a society devoted to these values could be considered “peaceful” despite injustice and violence towards marginalized communities. This perspective has made him a divisive figure, sparking debate about his role in Myanmar’s struggle for freedom and stability, and complicating his public image.
“One thing I need to add," Ashin Sarana says in closing, "is that there is one kind of attachment that arahants [fully enlightened beings] entirely relinquish, and that is attachment to views. And I wonder if the Sayadaw actually has attachment to a view regarding the military.”
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Episode #301: “I want to invite everybody to see the Karen people not just as victims, but to experience the real beauty in the culture, the uniqueness, the simplicity.”
These are the words of Saw Sha Kerpaw Wah, a humanitarian from Karen State, Myanmar, who shares his story of displacement, identity, and commitment to his people. Born in 1995 during the fall of Manerplaw, the headquarters of the Karen National Union, his family fled through the jungle, marking the start of their journey as refugees. Sha Kerpaw Wah spent his early childhood in a refugee camp in Thailand, before his family resettled in Norway. There they found safety, but engendered a sense of cultural dissonance. Although warmly welcomed in Norway, and living there for 20 years, Wah always felt a deep spiritual connection to Kawthoolei, the Karen homeland, feeling that it was his "duty" to return and serve his people.
A major turning point in Wah’s life came during his final year of college when he watched a video of Karen indigenous leader, Saw O Moo, inspiring him to leave his studies and fully dedicate himself to humanitarian work. He began making frequent trips back to Kawthoolei, working to support those displaced by Myanmar’s ongoing civil war.
Today, Sha Kerpaw Wah continues to serve the Karen people, advocating for education, self-reliance, and a united leadership among Karen leaders. His ultimate dream is to see a peaceful, independent Kawthoolei where future generations can grow up free from the violence and trauma that have shaped his life.
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Episode #300: Three panelists explore the complexities of Myanmar’s revolution against military oppression, diving into its tactical, logistical, and humanitarian challenges. Our guests include Anthony Davis, a security analyst with extensive experience in conflict zones such as Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the Philippines; Azad, an internationalist from the United States who spent nearly a year working with resistance groups in Chin State and has prior experience in northeastern Syria; and Marc, a field strategist with broad expertise across Africa and Asia, who has provided tactical and logistical guidance to Myanmar’s resistance since the early days of the conflict.
They discuss the grassroots origins of the resistance, born from peaceful protests and evolving into armed defiance against the junta. This transformation brought early struggles with mistrust between ethnic armed organizations and newly formed People’s Defense Forces, stemming from decades of ethnic tension. Despite these divisions, the resistance grows stronger through strategic adaptation and grassroots unity.
The panelists then highlights the significant obstacles Myanmar’s revolution faces, including a lack of external support from neighboring countries and global powers, forcing the movement to rely on domestic efforts. They examine the logistical challenges of sustaining the fight, from resource shortages to the high cost of essential equipment like ammunition. Yet, technological advancements, such as encrypted communication and drones, have bolstered resistance capabilities, showcasing innovation in the face of adversity. Ethnic divides remain a critical issue, complicating unity among resistance groups. Some progress has been made through alliances in regions like Chin State, yet mistrust and competing interests still hinder broader cohesion.
Beyond strategy, the panel delves into the profound humanitarian crisis. Millions of civilians endure displacement and deprivation, placing immense strain on the resistance. Yet despite these challenges, Myanmar’s revolutionary spirit remains unbroken. The panelists stress the need for trust-building, improved coordination, and a vision for federalism to sustain the movement and shape a post-conflict Myanmar. Ultimately, the revolution is fueled by resilience, innovation, and a steadfast commitment to liberation in the face of overwhelming odds.
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Episode #299: Greg Constantine’s project on the Rohingya community is a profound exploration of both their suffering and resilience. Through years of dedicated storytelling, Greg has sought to shed light on the overlooked experiences of the Rohingya, a predominantly Muslim ethnic minority in Myanmar. Despite deep roots in Rakhine State, the Rohingya have faced systemic persecution for decades, culminating in the 1982 citizenship law that left them stateless and stripped of basic rights.
Greg’s work began in 2006, and he has since documented the ongoing oppression and humanity of the Rohingya people. He captures not only moments of suffering but also the ordinary lives and hopes of the community. In 2019, Greg curated an exhibition at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, which shifted his approach to include a fuller narrative—showing not only the suffering but also the contributions of the Rohingya. This led to the project “Ek Khaale,” meaning “Once upon a time,” aimed at reclaiming the Rohingya narrative. The project gathered family photos, personal documents, and other artifacts to reveal the community’s history and humanity.
Launched as an online interactive experience, “Ek Khaale” presents the Rohingya's story through nine chapters, highlighting cultural heritage, contributions during World War II, and their resilience despite systemic violence. Greg’s work challenges the perception of the Rohingya as passive victims, instead presenting them as a community with a rich culture, deep connections, and a history of contributions. Ultimately, his work aims to restore dignity to the Rohingya and humanize a community often reduced to mere statistics.
"The reason why I kept going back to that story is because if I thought about almost like all the different characteristics that make up this theme of statelessness... I don't think that there was any other community that had been so incredibly paralyzed by all of those different characteristics than the Rohingya community. It was a perfect storm."
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Episode #298: Maia Storm is an immigration attorney with over 25 years’ experience specializing in assisting refugees, particularly those from Myanmar. She began her career helping prisoners facing long detentions or deportation, before opening her own firm to serve the growing Burmese refugee community in Michigan. Her focus shifted after the 2021 Myanmar coup, as she has since worked tirelessly to assist individuals fleeing political persecution and seeking asylum in the United States. Maia’s clients have often been involved in anti-coup activities and fear being arrested or conscripted back home.
Navigating the U.S. immigration system is a grueling, years-long process that often leaves refugees in a state of uncertainty. Maia advocates for these clients, helping them apply for asylum or temporary protected status (TPS), often overcoming significant barriers like language difficulties, lack of documentation, and the emotional toll of fleeing a violent regime. While the legal process can be complex and bureaucratic, Maia’s passion for her clients’ stories and her personal commitment to their safety make her a vital resource.
Despite the system’s challenges, Maia has built a strong rapport with her clients, guiding them through the difficult asylum application process and preparing them for their interviews and hearings. She emphasizes the importance of personalizing their stories to make them more credible, to help overcome bureaucratic red tape. Asylum cases are never straightforward, but Maia’s approach ensures that each client’s voice is heard. She remains steadfast in her mission to offer a lifeline to those fleeing violence and oppression, helping them find safety and a future in the United States.
“Most of these people have been active in some kind of anti-coup activity,” she says. “And they may even have warrants out for their arrest! So I try to help as many people as I can."
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