![[44] Formative, Not Performative: Rethinking Teaching Evaluations to Help Teachers Grow](https://is1-ssl.mzstatic.com/image/thumb/Podcasts116/v4/df/fa/73/dffa7379-813a-51ec-16f1-6cc5d26736a8/mza_15095452293893648120.jpg/250x250bb.jpg)
Afleveringen
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Clinical teaching happens in real time, but feedback about that teaching does not. Too often, feedback shows up late, feels vague, or never arrives at all, especially for the everyday teaching that happens on shift, in the hallway, or at the bedside. Adam speaks with Dr. Esther Bui about why that gap persists, and what it might look like to close it. Esther shares what led her team to build myTE, an app-based tool designed to capture in-the-moment teaching feedback. Together, they explore what traditional evaluation systems tend to miss, why authentic quality feedback is so important, and how trust and psychological safety shape the experience.
Length of Episode: 30:27
Resources to check out:
Halani S, Kumar SS, Lim DY, Hefferon D, Prakash V, Kumagai AK, Bui E. "In-the-moment" feedback: a novel app for clinical teaching evaluations. Can Med Educ J. 2025 Nov 6;16(5):86-88.
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On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam sits down with Chris Watling and Mike Allan (the CEOs of Canada's two national medical colleges) to unpack the hidden curriculum in medicine. Together, they explore how subtle signals in our learning and working environments shape identity, influence career pathways, and reinforce hierarchies both between and within disciplines. From the loss of shared spaces like physician lounges, to structural pressures such as competition for residents and fragmented training pathways, to the powerful role of public narratives, the conversation examines how these forces quietly sculpt our professional culture. Chris and Mike reflect on their own professional experiences, the impacts felt by learners in both family and specialty practice, and what it might take to move toward a more respectful, connected, and collaborative medical community.
Length of Episode: 38:11
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Zijn er afleveringen die ontbreken?
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Dans cet épisode de KeyLIME+, Adam s'entretient avec le Dr Bernard Charlin à propos de la théorie de la concordance de script, une approche permettant de comprendre et d'évaluer le raisonnement clinique dans des contextes médicaux incertains et complexes. Ils explorent comment le test de concordance de script saisit certaines des nuances de la prise de décision en situation réelle en analysant la manière dont les cliniciens ajustent leur réflexion face à de nouvelles informations. Ils approfondissent également comment cette approche va au-delà de l'évaluation pour devenir un puissant outil d'apprentissage, offrant une rétroaction personnalisée qui remet en question les hypothèses et aiguise le jugement clinique. Bernard partage aussi ses réflexions sur l'impact étendu de ce test dans différentes spécialités ainsi que sur la manière dont les technologies émergentes, comme l'intelligence artificielle, pourraient en façonner l'avenir.
Episode Length: 32:29
Resources to check out:
Hudon A, Phan V, Charlin B, Wittmer R. Teaching Clinical Reasoning in Health Care Professions Learners Using AI-Generated Script Concordance Tests: Mixed Methods Formative Evaluation. JMIR Form Res. 2025 Nov 20;9:e76618. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41264864/
Bernard Charlin, Jacques Tardif, Henny P A Boshuizen, Scripts and Medical Diagnostic Knowledge: Theory and Applications for Clinical Reasoning Instruction and Research, Academic Medicine, Volume 75, Issue 2, February 2000, Pages 182–190
Scripts and Medical Diagnostic Knowledge | Academic Medicine | Oxford AcademicContact
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On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam and guest resident co-host Julia Sawatzky speak with Dr. Bhavini Gohel to explore the intersection of planetary health and medical education, highlighting how climate change impacts healthcare and what physicians can do to help. Together, they unpack what planetary health really means, why it has become an important issue for clinicians and educators, and how it shows up in everyday practice. The conversation also explores how medical training can meaningfully integrate planetary health without adding burden, and what this can mean for the future roles of physicians as educators, advocates, and system stewards.
Episode Length: 37:13
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In this episode, Adam speaks with Dr. Ruth Gotian about the critical role of mentorship in cultivating high-performance individuals. Drawing on her research on elite performers - including Nobel laureates, Olympic athletes, and successful physicians - Ruth highlights how success can be nurtured through intrinsic motivation, resilience, and supportive mentoring relationships. The discussion explores distinctions between mentorship and sponsorship, the powerful impact of mentorship on reducing burnout, and offers practical strategies for medical educators to enhance their own mentorship practices.
Length of episode: 36.39
Resources to check out
Ruth's new book, "Mentoring in Healthcare: The Definitive Guide to Cultivating Individual and Organizational Success": https://mentoringinhealthcare.com/ ; https://amzn.to/4q0QFqC
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On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam sits down with Drs. Victor Do and Cory Rohlfsen, both medical educators and former competitive athletes, to explore how lessons from high-performance sports coaching can inform feedback and coaching in medical education. Victor and Cory share firsthand insights about the culture of feedback in sports, where direct, real-time, and goal-oriented coaching is not only expected but embraced. They contrast this with the challenges faced in medical education, where feedback can sometimes feel less immediate, less authentic, and complicated by multiple competing factors. Together, they discuss the crucial role of trust, shared goals, and direct observation in making feedback meaningful and how these elements might be better integrated into medical education to support learner growth and ultimately improve patient care.
Length of episode: 47:17
Resources to check: Learning culture and feedback: an international study of medical athletes and musicians https://asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/medu.12407
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In this episode, Adam sits down with Dr. Raja-Elie Abdulnour to explore how AI is reshaping medical education and why it has the potential to quietly erode clinical reasoning. They discuss the emerging risks of deskilling, never-skilling, and mis-skilling, and how AI can widen gaps between high-performing and low-performing learners. Raja-Elie introduces the DEFT-AI framework, a practical approach for turning AI-assisted moments into teaching opportunities that strengthen, rather than outsource clinical judgment. Their conversation highlights both the promise of AI and the need to help learners use it wisely so we do not lose the core of what it means to be a medical expert.
Length of episode: 41:30
Resources to check out: -
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra2503232
https://www.ynharari.com/book/nexus/
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This episode of KeyLIME+ highlights Specialty Café, a sister Royal College podcast that focuses on conversational storytelling to support medical students exploring specialty choice. Through informal discussions with physicians from a wide range of specialties, host Cameron Wong speaks with Adam about how the Specialty Café podcast offers insights into training pathways, daily practice, challenges, and personal reflections that are often absent from traditional career guidance.
Length of episode: 18:59
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Cet épisode de KeyLIME+ présente le Café des spécialités, un balado du Collège royal dans lequel des médecins témoignent sur le ton de la conversation pour aider les étudiant·es en médecine à choisir une spécialité. Christina Toma, animateur du balado, explique à Adam que le Café des spécialités offre un aperçu des parcours de formation, de la pratique quotidienne, des défis et des réflexions personnelles de médecins de différentes spécialités, des aspects souvent absents des ressources traditionnelles d'orientation professionnelle.
Length of episode: 17:20
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In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam and guest resident co-host Charlie Irwin speak with Gerry Gormley about getting simulation right in medical education. They discuss the importance of micro communication skills in creating psychologically safe learning environments, the shared responsibility of educators and learners in fostering safety, and the balance between challenge and support in simulation training. They emphasize the need for educators to hone their communication skills to better engage learners and prepare them for real-world challenges.
Length of episode: 44:23
Resources to check out
Goffman E. The presentation of self in everyday life. New York: Anchor Books. 1959
Gormley, G., & Nestel, D. (2025). Not just 'what you say' but 'how you say it': co-creating psychological safety through micro-communication skills in simulation-based education. Journal of Healthcare Simulation.
Not just 'what you say' but 'how you say it': co-creating psychological safety through micro-communication skills in simulation-based education
Episode 30 of KeyLIME+ [30] Less Tech, More Training: Simplifying Simulation for Busy Healthcare Teams
https://keylimepodcast.libsyn.com/30-less-tech-more-training-simplifying-simulation-for-busy-healthcare-teams
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In this second half of our special two-part episode of KeyLIME+, recorded live in Quebec City at the International Conference on Residency Education, Adam is joined by resident co-host Dr. Rory Clarke and guests Drs. Kimberly Lomis and Martin Pusic to explore how AI is transforming medical education. They discuss how AI is reshaping trust, connection, and growth in residency education, including its potential to enhance personal connections, mentorship, and personalized learning. Along the way, they share practical strategies educators can use to strike the right balance between innovation and human-centredness.
Length of episode: 42:24
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In this first half of our special two-part episode of KeyLIME+, recorded live in Quebec City at the International Conference on Residency Education, Adam is joined by resident co-host Dr. Rory Clarke and guests Drs. Kimberly Lomis and Martin Pusic to explore how AI is transforming medical education. They discuss how AI is reshaping trust, connection, and growth in residency education, including its potential to enhance personal connections, mentorship, and personalized learning. Along the way, they share practical strategies educators can use to strike the right balance between innovation and human-centredness.
Length of episode: 30:46
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In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam speaks with Dr. Sanjay Desai to explore the concept of precision education in medical training. They discuss how data and technology can personalize medical education, making it more efficient and tailored to individual learner needs. Sanjay emphasizes the importance of using data to assess learner performance and the need for a shift in power towards learners, allowing them greater agency in their education. The conversation also touches on the foundational principles of precision education, the challenges of implementing these innovations, and the balance between fostering innovation and ensuring trust in medical education.
Length of episode: 35:28
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On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam sits down with Terry Soleas to unpack how AI is changing medical education. Together, they explore why AI literacy is essential for healthcare professionals and how understanding the technology can help us harness its benefits while avoiding its pitfalls. The conversation dives into the tension between innovation and skill atrophy, the importance of human oversight, and the evolving role of educators in an AI-driven world. From practical "yes" and "no" zones for AI use to strategies for keeping curricula agile, Terry offers insights into how we can prepare for a future where AI is everywhere.
Length of episode: 36:18
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In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam, along with co-host Greta Askin, delve into the novel area of Visually Enhanced Mental Simulation (VEMS) with guest Vic Brazil. They discuss how VEMS differs from traditional high-fidelity simulations, emphasizing its simplicity, flexibility, and effectiveness in engaging healthcare teams. The conversation highlights the importance of teamwork, communication, and cognitive load in simulation training. They review practical applications and some tips about how educators might integrate VEMS into their own teaching.
Length of episode: 43.17
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In this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam sits down with David Morkal, a retired fire chief from the New York Fire Department. They explore David's unique journey from a background in theater to leading teams in high-pressure firefighting situations. The discussion delves into leadership lessons learned from David's experience working during 9/11, the importance of mentorship, coping with trauma, and the evolution of peer support programs within the fire service. David offers thoughtful insights on the value of experience, empathy, and the need for ongoing connections between generations in both firefighting and medicine.
Length of episode: 36:48
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In this episode, Adam (and resident guest co-host Mario Corrado) speak with Dr. Lynfa Stroud about the complexities of teaching evaluations in medical education. They discuss some of the biases that influence evaluations, the unintended consequences that can arise, and the delicate power dynamics between learners and educators. Their conversation underscores the need for a more nuanced, supportive approach to assessing teaching quality - one that moves beyond student ratings to foster genuine growth and development in medical education.
Length of episode: 48:34
Resources to check out
How Teacher Evaluations Broke the University "We give them all A's, and they give us all fives." By Rose Horowitch
https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2025/09/teacher-evaluations-grade-inflation/684185/
The Doctor Fox Lecture: A Paradigm of Educational Seduction Donald H. Naftulin, M.D., John E. Ware, Jr., and Frank A. Donnelly https://romanfrigg.org/wp-content/uploads/links/Dr_Fox_Lecture.pdf
Stroebe, W. (2020). Student Evaluations of Teaching Encourages Poor Teaching and Contributes to Grade Inflation: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 42(4), 276–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2020.1756817
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01973533.2020.1756817
Contact
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On this episode of KeyLIME+, Adam speaks with Charlotte van Sassen about the subtle ways that knowledge of patient outcomes can influence how supervisors assess clinical reasoning. Their conversation uncovers the impact of outcome bias on feedback and evaluation in medical education, exploring the challenges this presents for fairness and learning. They also discuss strategies to recognize and address these biases, aiming to improve how we support trainee development in complex clinical environments.
Length of episode : 30:52
Resources to check out:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40479526/
van Sassen C, Mamede S, van den Broek W, Bindels P, Zwaan L. Does Knowledge of Clinical Case Outcome Influence Supervisor Evaluation of Resident Clinical Reasoning? Acad Med. 2025 Jun 6
Zwaan L, Monteiro S, Sherbino J, et al Is bias in the eye of the beholder? A vignette study to assess recognition of cognitive biases in clinical case workupsBMJ Quality & Safety 2017;26:104-110. https://qualitysafety.bmj.com/content/26/2/104.abstract
Caplan RA, Posner KL, Cheney FW. Effect of Outcome on Physician Judgments of Appropriateness of Care. JAMA. 1991;265(15):1957–1960. doi:10.1001/jama https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/385633
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This episode of KeyLIME+ delves into the complexities of clinical learning environments in medical education. Adam and guest co-host Danielle Chang speak with Jena Hall about the dynamic nature of these environments, their impact on patient outcomes, and the importance of adapting to external societal influences. They discuss the challenges of physician burnout, the role of social media, and the integration of AI in medical training. The conversation emphasizes the need for intentional adaptability in educational practices to foster a supportive and effective learning atmosphere for the doctors of tomorrow.
Length of episode : 39:45
Resources to check out:
Nordquist J, Silva S, Caverzagie K, Hall J. Clinical learning environments: Updates. Med Teach. 2025 Jun;47(6):911-917. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39901697/
Asch DA, Nicholson S, Srinivas S, et al. Evaluating obstetrical residency programs using patient outcomes. JAMA. 2009;302(12):1277–1283. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1356
Thoma B, Karwowska A, Samson L, Labine N, Waters H, Giuliani M, Chan TM, Atkinson A, Constantin E, Hall AK, Gomez-Garibello C, Fowler N, Tourian L, Frank J, Anderson R, Snell L, Van Melle E. Emerging concepts in the CanMEDS physician competency framework. Can Med Educ J. 2023 Mar 21;14(1):4-12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36998506/
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In today's show, Adam chats with Gustavo Patino to discuss the implications of artificial intelligence in medical education publishing. They explore the need for transparency in AI model reporting, issues related to predictive accuracy, and the potential biases that can arise in AI applications. The conversation emphasizes the growing need for clear reporting guidelines in the use of AI in health professions education research and reviews some practical strategies to achieve this goal.
Length of Episode: 31:04
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