Afleveringen
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Corry and Luke from the Sci Guys podcast join us, at last completing elaborate 4 year scheme to have them on! We learn about whether acupuncture is bullshit, and learn a bit more about That famous dolphin story. We also talk shop about mistakes, debunking, and curiosity!
Timestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:10:51) Acupuncture
(00:32:27) THAT Dolphin Story
(00:33:19) Speech Disfluency
(00:54:20) Mistakes & Debunking
(01:21:10) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about:
Iâm biggly judging, the only thing I love more than science is a weird bit, Carolineâs 4 year plan to get in a zoom call with these bozos, kind of feels like you came to the top of the mountain and came down to meet us, Brian Cox does Not follow Tom, I know something that will fix Ellaâs connection, the corry-luke scale, the peripheral nervous system, free opiod receptors, endogynous, different kind of needles for that opiod, fake accupuncture, treating sever hiccups, min-maxing heroin, itâs tricky to study pain, maybe therapy works more than accupuncture, by the way I donât need you to share everything, dolphins werenât so great at finding land mines, Iâll just leave some dead air, an open bar for editting, the sensory deprivation tank, youâre paying for this open bar Tom, I wonât tell you the name of the paper but I will tell you about lisa simpson, was really hoping the apartment would have a dolphinarium, now do your duolingo, this was all to communicate with aliens, Tom tries to have a teachable moment, well someone was certainly âarrivingâ, raising a chimp as a human, Bunnyâs backlash, weird studies, language is complicated and we donât even think about it so we underestimate it, did we not all read coco transcripts in college - oh i guess not, Corryâs corona mistake, double checking even when we know someoneâs wrong, can you believe there are podcasts where people try to learn everything? a meta message not about being right but about science, QIâs mistake rate, the science debunking complex can get toxic, when we debunk itâs not with antagonism but curiosity, the mould effect saga, I think what you were trying to say correy is that itâs important to foster curiosity.
Sources:
Harvard Medical School, Science of Acupuncture
Review: Is Acupuncture Placebo?
Review: Acupuncture for Fibromyalgia Treatment
Guardian: NASA's Dolphin Project
Atlantic: Margaret Lovatt's Dolphin ExperimentHelp support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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It's the Best of Everything! The episode where we look at the topics that YOU thought were our best from the past year, and chat some behind the scenes about them! It's a great place to start and a great time to brush up on things you may have forgotten.
Images we Talk About:
Etching from the Great Moon Hoax
Bumble Bee OcelliTimestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:03:51) The Vitamin Saga
(00:20:55) Why is the Sky Blue?
(00:33:19) Speech Disfluency
(00:53:11) The Great Moon Hoax of 1835
(01:09:07) Superheavy Elements II
(01:27:33) Eyevolution II
(01:45:17) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about:
You wouldnât marry a husband, oh here comes the vitamin guy, you think weâll still have history, you missed a spot, literally having to ask for extra time, we donât learn like computers - relearning is normal, the Iâve just turned 30 pilgramage to Japan, Iâve ruined the algorithm, oh YAY, excited for marriages and reality fracture, 30 seconds of laughter.
Help support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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Zijn er afleveringen die ontbreken?
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You may know the polygraph is junk science, but what is the real science of lying and what wild turns did the polygraph take to get to today? And how old is dentistry? If ancient cave men didn't brush why do I have to? Well it turns out for good reason, and some fascinating dental science.
ALSO SEE US LIVE IN LONDON!!! LETSLEARNEVERYTHING.COM/LIVE
Images we Talk About:
Mackenzie's First Polygraph
Ancient Teeth Image
Dentistry Tool 1
Dentistry Tool 2
Dentistry Tool 3
Dentistry Tool 4Timestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:06:38) The Polygraph
(01:00:33) Dentistry History
(01:49:19) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
Go to https://surfshark.com/learneverything or use code LEARNEVERYTHING at checkout to get 4 extra months of Surfshark VPN!
We also learn about: 2 truths and a lie, the jeremy kyle show, the first lie from the devil to eve (or when children first lie), the official stance of the podcast is lying is good and cool, deontic reasoning and theory of mind, flexible and explicit TOM, Ella aces the Sally-Anne test, discovering new advanced levels of lying, lying is normal for kids itâs not evil, lying is complex⊠but what if it wasnât and we could just know, James Mackenzieâs original polygraph, the polygraph actually worked (just not for lying but for cardiology), sphygmomanometers, proto-feminist William Marston, back then just thinking women had a theory of mind made you a proto feminist, Tom falls down the rabbit hole of Marstonâs feminism, whatâs the difference between a lie you believe and the truth, Marston is the first to bring the polygraph to court in Frye vs the United States, the polygraphs turns into a one band band machine, Marston invented wonder woman and the lasso of truth, table the feminism of wonder woman another time, if corporations are people they should all go to therapy, polygraphs are still a 2 billion dollar industry, police firefighters and paramedics still take polygraphs, Caroline pre-empts the but, a polygraph is not a machine you need the interpreter, lying is useful, itâs fun to lie so whoâs your favorite co-host, wow we can bond over private healthcare, dentistry asmr, tooth decay is from bacteria acid, stone age morocco acorn sweets, you can blame agriculture for cavities, fossilized plaque can give us an oral history, determining women did a job from paint in teeth, fuck I drank the paint water at least no one will know, did you say we were kissing the rats or was that my inner monologue, would you like to read the tooth worm poem? how could this possibly get to a tooth worm, most of recorded human history we believed in tooth worms, the earliest example of dentistry was a week ago, sorry it changed a week ago, an ancient beeswax filling, a 59,000 year old tooth hole, whatâs a worse hyphenate than barber-surgeon, blacksmith barbers, traveling tooth pullers, so many jobs Iâm glad donât exist, a medieval dentist clown is literally someoneâs worst nightmare, victorian job questionnaire, What The Eff is That, dental tools that look like weapons made in a dream, I didnât realize until we got into this how much I hate teeth! the truth of my soul is private in Germany,
Sources:
The Emergence of Lying in Very Young Children
Marjorie Rhodes NPR
Social and Cognitive Correlates of Children's Lying Behavior
Review of Theory of Mind in Chilren
James Mackenzie's "The Study of the Pulse"
Mark Harris' Great Wired Piece on Polygraphs
Matthew Brown's Deep Dive into Marston's Feminism
JAAPL Frye v. United States
Cornell Law Frye Standard
Harvard center for Law Brain and Behavior on the Polygraph
Scientific American on Lying
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National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
National Library of Medicine: Microbiology of Dental Decay and Periodontal Disease
2014 Paper: Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco
SciAm: Oral Mystery: Are Agriculture and Rats Responsible for Tooth Decay?
NHGRI: Digging into the past to uncover the cause of our cavities
Wiki: Tooth Worm
Smithsonian: 6,500-Year Old Beeswax May Be Oldest Known Dental Filling
NewScientist: Oldest dental filling is found in a Stone Age tooth
The Guardian: Neanderthals Used Stone Drills to Treat Cavities 59,000 Years Ago, Tooth Suggests
Wiki: Barber Surgeon
Bath Medical Museum: Teeth Pullers and Denture Makers
2007 Paper: The Tooth Puller
2025 Paper: Pierre Fauchard
Science Museum: Dental Pelican
Science Museum: Dental Pelican for Tooth Pulling
Science Museum: Dental Key
BBC: When Blacksmiths Were Dentists
Science Museum: Dental drill
Science Museum: Syringe
Spear: A Brief History of Dental Anesthesia
Blog: The Gruesome History of Dental Implants
BBC: The Dentures Made From the Teeth of Dead Soldiers at Waterloo
Science Museum: Shade Guide
Blog: What Are Dentures Made Of?
Dentists Act 1878Help support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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It's that time of year to vote for the Best Of Everything!
https://www.letslearneverything.com/vote
Help support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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Are there more carnivores in the ocean than land? Yes! But... why? And what does that teach us about how we study ecosystems? And what constitutes a collection? Well it goes way back in time, and can cover anything and everything interesting, and maybe even teach us about ourselves and each other.
Images we Talk About:
Giraffe
Biomass Pyramid 1
Biomass Pyramid 2
Dolphin
Tiger
Purple Otter SkullTimestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:03:30) The Marine Carnivore Conundrum
(00:56:33) Collecting
(01:51:34) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about: Oh yeah that topicâs gonna hit, only 5% of fish are herbivorous compared to 30% of terrestrial animals, zoopharmacognosy, carnivora is not all carnivores and not exclusively carnivores, hypercarnivores eat 70% or more meat, polar bears are some of the most carnivorous animals we know of, grizzly bears only eat 10% meat, osteophagia, suckin on bone, trophic levels, Ellaâs clearly an apex predator but are all humans, trying to beat the trophic level high score, let us know your level in the discord, average trophic levels, humans are 2.2 on average, trophic jorg, lopsided biomass pyramids, there are simply less plant diversity in the oceans, land predators hunt animals with at least 45% of their body size whereas whales do .01%, oh yeah aquatic animals donât have paws or storage, aquatic carnivores have homodont dentition, trophic cascades, sea urchins can turn otter bones purple, hunter collector society, donât pre-empt my question, the earliest collection we know of is from 105,000 years ago, shell collectors were just like me fr, coin collecting was a hobby of kings, a quick detour for the worst pope, but maybe Pope Boniface VIII is just like me for real, I like collecting 50 and 100 dollar bills actually, the wunderkamer or cabinets of curiosities, the industrial revolution ignited collecting, Americans turned British spoons into collecting, Ellaâs love spoon, say the line Ella, this is really a âwhatâs wrong with Ellaâ topic, Edward Wharton-Tigarâs cigarette card collection and incredible quotes, David Attenburough convinced him not to take his cards with him into the 8th ring of hell, youâve activated my trap card, magpies donât collect shiny things and may have neophobia, animal collection, the cursed bug katamari, itâs like if I collected cards with boobs AND HE JUST LIKE ME FR, pack rat brain activation, a pack rat piss detour, amberat, collections represent our ability to abstract and think of the future, and thatâs why I should get another spoon, Freudâs toilet hypothesis for collecting, Baudrillard on collecting, collecting builds yourself, They Collect What? baggers, I now collect banana friends.
Sources:
So, once again there are actually too many sources to fit here, it literally won't let us put them all here hahaha so please find the sources at https://www.letslearneverything.com/105-sources
Help support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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Caroline's Frogs campaign and our improv class were some of our favorite bonus episodes we've done, so we wanted to share a sample of what they sound like!
If your interest is piqued, you can hear the rest AND support the show at www.LetsLearnEverything.com/join
Sources:
JSTOR: Portmaneau OriginsHelp support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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Folks we're halfway through the MaxFunDrive! And to keep the celebration we have Tom chatting behinds the scenes with other Max Fun hosts!
For all the details about MFD perks, the livestream, and how to support the show, go to LetsLearnEverything.com!
Timestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:01:26) Casters on CastersHelp support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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What is the Anthropocene? No really, who came up with it, when does it start, and why does that matter? Well it involves nuance, scientific beef, and a surprising amount of freaky little guys. And we all know of some sound effects we love, but what is their history, where are the weird places they've shown up, and what can they teach us about art?
Images we Talk About:
The International Chronostratigraphic Chart
Opabinia
Graptolite
Sound Effect Rooms
Picture 1
Picture 2
Picture 3
Picture 4
Picture 5
Picture 6Timestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:05:37) The Anthropocene
(01:21:57) Sound Effects
(02:16:15) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about: The human dominated geological time frame, this is actually a geology topic, letâs get our rocks off, the geological timescale, clues in the rock layers, the geologic calendar, the international chronostraographic chart, Eons Eras Periods Epochs Ages, GSSPs are physical places, a long cambrian tangent, the burgess shale was a rare cambrian preserver, trilobites are the alpha male body plan, opabinia had 5 eyes and one claw, hallucigenia actually makes Tom recoil, index fossils, Ella just loves these little freaks, Ella literally has a graptolite fossil, the SPICE extinction, title drop halfway through the topic, wait nvm we have to talk about the holocene, in 2024 they declined the anthropocene proposal, are we covering the anthropocene or the 24 years of its proposal? Jan Zalasiewicz ignobel lick, heavily acronymized science beef, a person dabbing is the anthropocene GSSP (or fossilized air bubbles in ice), Jan vs Jan, maybe the anthropocene is just an Event, insects are the canary in the mass extinction coal mine but theyâre also not in the record, humans make up a third of the mass of large vertebrates - and the rest are mostly things we eat, a t-rex wishes to be the most abundant species and a monkeys paw curls, chicken bones in the fossil record, weâve pushed back the next ice age 50,000 years, donât clip me dabbing at nuclear weapons, when does the anthropocene start? 1952 with the plutonium shift, there was a most popular album at the start of the anthropocene, era dates are changed all the time, a spicy retirement letter, did you ask him about the email - I mean I did, rocks are political, weâre not in the anthropocene but letâs see what happens, make this design juicier please, sound effects can be realistic or symbolic, the siren whistle slip sound, the real sound of bald eagles, sound effects are treated more like a commodity than an art and a history, we donât know if ancient mesopotamians beatboxed, Ella shredded so hard on the thundersheet she bled, sound effect started in plays, shakespeare and kabuki pioneered realistic and symbolic sound effects, tsuke, the first radio sound effects from the 1921 world series broadcast from Jersey, the walking surfaces at the BBC, 1920s sound effect rooms, sound effect records, who would buy this? ME!! what do you mean you survived the great depression traveling america for sound effects, 2 headed turntables designed for vinyl sound effect DJs, Jack Foley, the Bristol Old Vic thunder machineâs audio tricks, stealing John Dennisâ thunder, canning laughter from the Red Skelton show, this isnât a real game, fine it was a good game and I win, recreating pacman with waves, pacmanâs noise is so icon it created an onomatopoeia, Ben Burtt also loved the lightsaber, that was a great buzz, sound effects are both the truth and a lie, freesound.org, male_thijs_loud_scream.aiff
Sources:
Folks, we have so many show notes and sources that we literally hit the character limit, which is a first!
So please find the sources at https://www.letslearneverything.com/104-sourcesHelp support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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IT'S THE MAX FUN DRIVE!!! We kickoff with a crossover "Casters on Casters" with Ella chatting behinds the scenes with other Max Fun hosts!
For all the details about MFD perks, the livestream, and how to support the show, go to LetsLearnEverything.com!
Timestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:01:40) Casters on CastersHelp support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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Why aren't mushroom animals? Why is this mushroom growing out of a frog?? WHAT KIND OF MUSHROOM IS TOAD?!?! Well Sage the Bad Naturalist is here to answer all our festering fungus questions!
Things we Talk About:
Sponge Lifecycle
Fungus Lifecycle
Mushroom Growing out of Frog
Bunashimeji Mushroom
Blewit MushroomTimestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:06:50) Why Aren't Fungi Animals
(00:24:55) This is Planet Chitin
(00:30:01) The Frog Mushroom Mystery
(00:52:47) Questions for Sage
(01:19:16) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about: Maybe some day Iâll get to be on this podcast, donât ask scicomm dad! fungal anatomy, mushrooms are just the short lived fruiting body, fungi donât have seeds or leaves or photosynthesize, Fungi were just the weird plant for a while - just Jerry, fungi donât have vasculature their more spongy, fungi are genetically closer to animals so why didnât Jerry come to our family? coral are animals, coral and fungal reproduction cycles, youâre going to learn so much in this one Tom, âthatâs cant be the reason whyâ, consequences of the divergence arenât the reason - the divergence is the reason, we should have been wrong more right!, this is planet chitin, dark fungi, fungus is made of bug, oh weâve found the thing that actually makes me want to throw up on the podcast, protect our chitinous brethren, the mystery of the mushroom growing out of a frog, sageâs frog theory whiteboard, no one has ever seen this before, first time weâve seen it does not mean first time itâs happened, mucusy coincidence, the return of amphibian chytrid fungus, the scientists have moved on but Sage hasnât, botanical anarchy, slowly dropping out of grad school, odd jobs, its fucked up that make up affects views, Toad is a bunashimeji, remember toad with legs is made of bugs, blewits are underrated, drawing on the artistâs conk mushroom.
Help support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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Why are there so many vitamins, what even IS a vitamin?? Well Tom finally understands, and takes us on a tour through their infuriating past. And how did the cheerful fairy we know and love today, evolve into its current form? Well we'll only tell if you can answer our riddles three and- or you can just listen to the episode.
Things we Talk About:
James Lind Scurvy Painting
The Various Vitamin Bs
Vitamin Map
Brownie
First Fairy Image
Cicely Mary Barker Fairies
Cottingley Fairies 1
Cottingley Fairies 2
Illusion Spinners
Bitterbloom BearerTimestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:03:05) The Vitamin Saga
(00:57:54) The Evolution of Fairies
(01:48:20) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about: Will vitamin c cure me or murder me? more people died of scurvy than combat on the seas, Lindâs biblical scurvy experiment painting, vitamin Pee, maybe oranges are the fifth humor, beri beri, the gelatin comission, come onnn man itâs the 1800s give me a break, we know proteins carbs fats and minerals but somethingâs missing, STUDY MINERALS THEY SAID - YOUâLL WIN A NOBEL PRIZE THEY SAID, vital amines but theyâre not amines, wait are vitamins like fish?? drop the e just vitamin, *mymymymy* all the vitamins are completely different?, some vitamins only exist for a few picoseconds in a supercollider, a bunch of vitamins got plutoâd, Vitamins are like a title, vitamer, VITAMIN D IS A HORMONE, wait maybe hormones are vitamins too, we havenât talked about how vitamins work because they do Too Many Things, âweâre trying our best but sometimes our best isnât good enoughâ, lifting the shadow of death, fitnessgirl250 actually has a PhD, food science is an applied science, the LLE supplement has all the dropped vitamins, vitamins are perfect for capitalism, there is not silver bullet, you canât supplement your way into a healthy life, an appearance from she/her Caroline, the rainbow magic fairy books, we support evil fairies, the fickle house brownies, realizing fairytales are fairy tales, both high and low class could blame fairies, dressing boys as girls to protect them from the fae, booktok loves hot Rumpelstiltskin, American leprechaun traps, fae - fatah - the fates, when did fairies evolve wings, distinguishing from angels through insectification, fairies may have shrunk to be less threatening, Tom doesnât know what a panto is, Victorians established the modern fairy, fairies went from robbing cribs to being trapped in the nursery, Cicely Mary Barkerâs flower fairies, the collectability of fairies, 350 fairy books in 5 years, the Cottingley fairy hoax, fairies went from being about protecting sons to empowering girls, spelling fairy or faerie, Evyn Fongâs insectoid fairies, the review corner riddle, weaponizing review corner to talk to us.
Semba: The Discover of the Vitamins
Royal Museums Greenwich: Scurvey
Science History Institute: Scurvey
Beriberi Review through Chinese Medical Literature
Drummond's Naming of Vitamins
Nobel Laureats in the History of Vitamins
Semba: On the Discovery of Vitamin A
SciAm: What Vitamins Really Do---
Wiki: Parī (Peris)
JER Journal: Peri and Persian Mythology
Book: A Dictionary of English Folklore
BBC: Fairies, Leprechauns and Changelings: Ireland's Darkest Folklore
Blog: Fairy versus Faerie, and other names for the Fae
Harvard University: The Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale
This Is Gendered: The Fairy
Blog: An Overview of How Faeries Were Portrayed During Different Literary Periods
Edinburgh University: A Need for Belief: The Victorians and Fairies.
Book: Trolls: From Scandinavia to Dam Dolls, Tolkien, and Harry Potter
BBC: When Britain was Gripped by 'Fairy Mania'
Blog: The Surprising Magic of Bad Books
Oxford English Dictionary: FairyHelp support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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For episode 101, we're challenging ourselves to make a technically family friendly, swear free episode! Why is the sky blue? Well it turns out it took a lot of science to understand why! And what is speech disfluency? Well it's like... um... you'll see!
Images we Talk About:
Green Flash
SunsetTimestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:06:43) Why is the Sky Blue
(00:54:28) Speech Disfluency
(01:40:45) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about: itâs like playing mozart for children, mystery spires, atmospheric optics is responsible for all the bangers, they didnât have a word for blue but they could perceive it, davinci and newton were on the right track, and thus the liberal lie of the greenhouse effect was born, Tyndell was just trying to clean an air sample and saw it turn blue, Baronâs used to be useful at least, Tomâs mind gets rocked by Rayleigh scattering, why isnât the sky purple, When was the sky blue? the great oxidation event, sky is atmosphere, why is the sun so tiny OH ITS FAR AWAY, Ella pulled a Tom at the intro, Ellaâs filler montage, no swearing no fillers challenge, thereâs no fillers in the speech we watch on TV and movies, we actually um-dope our podcast in post, people used filler words in the past too, itâs found in poems and the earliest recorded sounds, the valley girl like, natural language corpuses, the 2 genders are uh and um, fillers in other languages, parasite words, uh is almost universal, the function of filler, backchanneling, measuring um reaction times, a visit from Gretchen, um is like a swiss army knife, like as quotation marks or hedging, right *slaps knees*, the power of saying something which technically means nothing.
StellarNet: A Brief History of the Skyâs Blueness
Blog: The bizarre myth that Ancient Greeks couldn't see blue
2023 Paper: Revisiting the question âWhy is the sky blue?â
Wiki- John Tyndall
The Conversation: John Tyndall: the forgotten coâfounder of climate science
Wiki: Rayleigh Scattering
NASA: The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Scientific American: Mirages
IFL Science: Orange Sky
The Great Oxidation Event: How Cyanobacteria Changed Life
Royal Museums Greenwich: Why Is The Sky Blue
Mars in a Box: Martian Sunsets
---
Wikipedia: Filler (linguistics)
Thought Co: Definitions and Examples of Filler Words
The Register: Why Do We Say Um?
Paper: Listeners' Uses of Um and Uh in Speech Comprehension
New York Times: So, Um, How Do You, Like, Stop Using Filler Words?
University of Colorado Paper: We, um, have, like, a problem
Guardian: Why Do People Say Like So Much?
NPR: Why Do We Say Um So Much?
BBC: Teen Slang
Paper: Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders
Cambridge: Hidden Use of Fillers
The British National Corpus 2014
Language Hat: The Mystery of Fillers
The Atlantic : âMen Say 'Uh' and Women Say 'Um'â
Language Log: Men and Womenâs Use of Words
JStor: Filler Words and Floor Holders
THE CALIFORNIA STORY 1906 By Thomas A. EdisonHelp support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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Tom & Ella are out sick! So enjoy this recast of when Tom was healthy and on SciShow Tangents!
OR enjoy our 2 hours on the Project 4 Awesome livestream, basically a video podcast!
OR check out all our other stuff at https://www.LetsLearnEverything.com/
Thanks for your patience y'all! - Tom, Ella, & Caroline
Help support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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You asked, and we finally answered, today we are Finally, actually learning everything! Something that is definitely possible and easy to do. Caroline covers infinity, which can include basically anything, Ella covers what everything is made of, and Tom does the rest! Simple, right?
Images we Talk About:
Cantor's Diagonal Argument
The Bullet Cluster
Timestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:04:28) Infinity
(00:49:09) What's Everything Made Of?
(01:29:52) Everything Else
(02:08:54) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about:
Infinity is the amount I love you guys - oh I made such a noise of disgust, my infinity could beat your infinity, quoting The Fault in Our Stars, ancient Greeks had a horror for the infinite, Euclid refused to use infinity, we have no physical proof that any item can be infinite, turning water into wine and counting to infinity, next time someone says I love you infinity plus one call them a number annihilator, pre-scowling, we ask Caroline a million questions about sets, sets offer a new language for math, âactually Ella they use the word transfiniteâ, Caroline rage baits Ella, Ella loves Cantorâs diagonal argument but people at the time HATED it, Cantor was a âcorrupter of youthâ, the universe is everything, god dammit is there more than matter, pigeons and pizza and Ellaâs giant gengar plush are made of quarks and leptons, ordinary matter is just 5% of the universe, 26.8% is dark matter and the rest is dark energy, dark energy and matter are not interchangeable - dark just means we canât observe them, your MOM is massive, 1933 dark matter is theorized to make the math work, dark matter is not a theory it is an observation of missing mass, the differing mass of the bullet cluster, halos of dark matter around galaxies, red shift in every direction, donât @ me about the accelerated expansion of the universe, dark energy is the mysterious force that keeps the universe expanding, heat death or re-contraction, dark matter and dark energy are warring siblings trying to pull everything together and apart and weâre stuck in the middle, list of all wikipedia pages, OH NO ITâS INTERESTING, monk stuff, the exclamation mark came during the humanist era of the renaissance, oh no we printed the ironic bible! inverted exclamation marks, exclamation mark haters, old comics had exclamation marks for periods! Making Beowulf Scream, Lo! per my last email, our show didnât start with an exclamation mark - it snuck its way into being beloved, no one is sure how the exclamation mark ended up in programming languages, DO anthropomorphize the exclamation mark, please donât be disappointed we didnât stop the podcast, We Didn't Stop the Podcast.
We Didn't Stop the Podcast Lyrics
Sources:
Wikipedia: Infinity Symbol
Wikipedia: Infinity
Polytechnique: A (Very) Brief History of Infinity
Britannica: Infinity
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Infinity
1983 Paper: The Realization of Infinity: On the Philosophy of John M. Anderson
Scientific American: Some Mathematicians Donât Believe in Infinity
2017 Paper: Actual and Potential Infinity
Schechter: Potential versus Completed Infinity
Medium: Infinity Isnât Just a Number â Itâs a Mind-Bending Universe of Paradoxes
Youtube: minutephysics
Youtube: Jim Fowler
Blog: The Math of Dr Who #4.2
---
Etymonline: Etymology of Everything
Wikipedia: Everything
NASA: What is the Universe?
EBSCO: Leptons
Harvard: What is the Univer Made Of?
ESA: What is the Unvierse Made Of?
Astrobites: ÎCDM
NASA: Building Blocks
ESA: Dark Matter and Dark Energy
Angela Collier: Dark Matter is Not a Theory
NASA: Dark Matter
Forbes: Who Really Discovered Dark Matter
Harvad: Dark Energy and Dark Matter
NASA: Bullet Cluster
ESA: Gravitaional Lensing
ESA: Redshift
ESA: Comsic Microwave Background
---
Wikipedia List of All Pages
Florence Hazrat's "An Admirable Point: a Brief History of the Exclamation Point"
Florence Hazrat Interview
The Irony Mark
Stan Lee on Comic Book Exclamation Marks
Marvel End of Exclamation Mark Announcement
Making Beowulf Scream
History of Factorial
Figuring out the Origin of ! in Computer ScienceHelp support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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The author, historian, and person of many fascinations Iszi Lawrence teaches us how to get into ancient Egyptian heaven! Plus we learn about a bit of everything else from dinosaurs to medieval almond milk!
Timestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:06:14) Getting Into Ancient Egyptian Heaven
(00:45:31) Questions for Iszi
(01:08:59) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
Images we talk about:
Anurognathus
The Tring TilesWe also learn about: Todays question is how to take on two attackers, âI really recommend violence if you have neurodiversityâ, Maâat, getting into the Egyptian afterlife is an escape room, why Egypt was geographically perfect, Iâm going to put a mastaba on my mastaba, there were ancient Egyptian archaeologists of ancient Egypt, you donât think with your brain thatâs weird, Allanâs mummified body in the Kingâs College London library, the mummification industry, dodgy ibis mummy dealers, pyramids were a giant sign that said âROB ME IM RICHâ, King tut also packed too much underwear, Anubis guides you through a video game level of challenges, the hall of two truths and a lie, weighing your heart in court, Ammit has the head of crccodile body of a tiger legs of a hippo my perfect woman, your heart has to way no more and no less than a feather, the scarab is a pay to win heart silencer, pubs were public houses when you brewed too much beer and it was womenâs work! almond milk was around during the medieval times, we are story brained and we pay attention to the weird things not the boring ones, he showed me his whip scorpion, nanotyrannus, why do you like dinosaurs - why do you like eating? Anurognathus, toddlers comes from drunken walking, sad means not sober, the suffragette jiu jitsu dojo, the tring tiles was teen jesus.
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While we take some time to rest and plan out the new year, enjoy our episode of Escape This Podcast as the three of us use cleverness and chaos to solve this escape room!
Timestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:01:05) The Escape Room
(01:20:19) Puzzle Talk BackSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
Images we talk about:
The Spa Controls
The Spa Sign
Ring Toss
The Spa Sign with Sun
The Full Room Write UpHelp support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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It's the new year! Which means it's time to learn about the most interesting thing... ourselves?? We answer YOUR questions with OUR answers, so learn a bit more about us, science, and the show!
Links we Talk About:
Our Top Songs Playlist
Magnetic Fields Tiny Desk
Anni DiRusso Tiny Desk
Doechii Tiny Desk
Dr.Cal Whale Cancer TikTokTimestamps:
(00:07:06) Welcome to the Q&A
(00:31:45) Science
(00:52:28) Fun
(01:04:26) Making the Podcast
(01:27:06) Personal
(01:45:55) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about:
I was in the recording I know how long it took, tick correction corner, Caroline you gotta wrangle us, the ugly stepsister, City the Animation, Superman, playlist linked above, The Mars House, Levinia, Peak, Megabonk, Animal Crossing, Despelote, duck wraps, Iâm an anytime burrito fan, falling out of and back in love with sciences, the Vera Rubin Observatory, lysosome mitochondria and ribosome, organelle astrology, AI and carbon pedantry, Ellaâs PhD journey, solar system chocolate bar, our horror movie archetypes, experimenting on our cohosts, pride and prejudice romance, centaur anatomy, researcher blogs rock, scheduling and actually starting, what we hate and love about the show, we donât have to be friends, podcasting is good for the brain actually, dream guests, Caroline runs, the rhythm game search, burnout planning and accepting mistakes and communal burnout watch, collecting magnets and yarn and weird pokemon figures, Dalek on a trampoline, why Tom wears a hat, bingo cards over resolutions, Ellaâs getting marri- WELL TOMâS GOING TO MAGIC CON VEGAS BABY.
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The HaLearnDays are here!! And with it come learning, laughs, and fun facts from us and friends of the show, as well as a few surprise new friends!
Images we Talk About:
Bat Carrying
Bristol Stool Chart
Lego Head Diagram
The Praise the Lord ShowTimestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:08:10) Bats
(00:19:45) Livingston's Body
(00:25:18) Pi & PIE
(00:34:45) Lego Head Passage
(00:44:02) Bird Brains
(00:56:04) Tomatoes
(01:10:35) Alpha-gal
(01:16:27) Rice to Riches
(01:26:37) Mission Impossible & Backmasking
(01:42:29) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about:
As Hank always says: wah wah wah wah wah, it says that I should complain in the script but I like it, Egg nog is just raw eggs right? redacted is such a beautiful name, rock paper scissors video content, drunk bats slur their echolocation, bats carrying bats, weekend at burniesing Livingston, Iâd carry any of you for nine months, Pi and PIE from father and son, do you think J and Gretchen got their gifts at the same store? philology, proto-indo-european, the FART of the lego head, Ellaâs heart grows 3 times its size for bacronyms, lego heads pass in about 2 days, chickadees growing and shrinking their brain connections, testing bird barcoding in the chickadome, I wish I could delete part of my brain to watch eternal sunshine again, davinci would have made that flying machine earlier if he had red sauce, tomatl is nahuatl not even proto-indo-european, we can all agree tomatoes smell evil, 150 years before tomatos and pasta combined, alphagal syndrome from ticks, once bitten twice allergic, Tom Scott gifts a can of rice pudding for us to open, allegedly LLE is a money laundering scheme, Mission Impossible morse code, the hidden code in LLEâs theme, Edison was the first to notice backmasking, the Eligibles Car Trouble, hereâs to my sweet satan, winners donât do drugs, raise a cup to our sweet satan.
Sources:
Bats Flying Drunk Paper
NYTimes Tomato History
Smithsonian Mag Tomato History
The Incredible paper: Sixteenth-century tomatoes in Europe: who saw them, what they looked like, and where they came from
Records of Tomato Reactions
Atlas Obscura Backmasking HistoryMore sources will be added soon!
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What are the most EXTREME lifeforms on Earth, and how are they surprisingly important to study? And what is the long yet recent history of astrology, and why do we reach for it?
Things we Talk About:
The Seal Stream
Sea lion running
Paper Clipping: Female Astrologer
Paper Clipping: Suffragette Books
Paper Clipping: WW2 and Astrology
Paper Clipping: Pimms AdTimestamps:
(00:00:00) Intro
(00:04:23) Extremophiles
(00:57:55) Astrology
(01:43:59) OutroSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!
Join our Discord!
We also learn about:
Weâve put tardigrades through every red bull task imaginable but theyâre NOT extremophiles, extremotolerant vs extremophiles that thrive, thermophiles at 122 celsius, anglophiles, what would it suck to experience, psychrophiles, acidophiles and alkaliphiles, hypobarophiles experiencing 500x our pressure, oligatroph, polyextromophiles, life has found a way in so many extreme places, the chernobyl black mold, not just growing towards radiation but eating Hot Particles, fungi have survived harsh radiation in the Earthâs past, melanin lets the fungi handle and perceive radiation safely, itâs similar to photosynthesis though in the same way a tsunami is similar to a glass of water, conan the bacterium can live inside nuclear reactors, DNA redundancy, krill that makes antifreeze proteins, osmoconfromers, acidophile taken to a lab and finally thriving at .7 ph, itâs also hard as hell to capture and study and keep these extremophiles alive, extremophiles gave us PCR, we also us extremophile e coli, bioremediation is what I took when I failed bio and was tutored by an extremophile, we have so much to do-actually that was pretty funny, bioplastics, what extreomophiles teach us about astrobiology, letting some bacteria chill on the outside of the ISS for 3 years, damn girl youâre making me re-evaluate the limits of life, our nuanced and conflicting feeling on astrology, yay we get to read our horoscopes- wait fuck why am I happy about that? babylonian horoscopes, star charts for things like seasons actually were right, the Enuma Anu Enlil collection of omens, whatâs your motherâs maiden name and pincode horoscope, the legacy of the endless pig, uh oh weâre having fun talking about horoscopes, medieval astrology in the royal court and the sciences, before we knew about the earth going around the sun the stars explained the seasons, in the 1700s astrology was seen as a sham, of course royal watching tabloids bring about astrology 2.0, scraping the bottom of the barrel for anything to say about princess margaret, globe conflict 2 electric boogaloo, a pims advert is a rich text, the horoscope test, god the people yearn for therapy, the barnum effect, zodiacs are part of our culture - so something to connect with, the correlation of uncertainty and horoscope popularity, how to manage uncertainty without horoscopes, video games offer a structure and challenge and reward that can help people cope with hard times.
Sources:
NOAA: What is an Extremophile?
Life: Extremeophiles and Extreme Environments
Nature: Life in Extreme Environments
PMC: Genomics of an extreme psychrophile, Psychromonas ingrahamii
The Biologist: Eating Gamme Rays for Breakfast
Research Gate: A Case Study of Strains Inhabiting Chernobyl Reactor No. 4
Chemical Communications: : The Incredible Cell Membrane Adaptations of Extremophiles to Harsh Environments
Life: Extremophiles and Extremophilic Behaviour
Biotechnology Advances: Structural Features of Thermozynes
Science: Conan the Baterium
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews: Oxidative Stress Resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans
Polar Biology: Cold Resistance the Krill Euphausia superba
Extremophiles: Picrophilus oshimae
Life: Biotechniological Applications of Extremophile Research
Wiki: Thermos aquaticus
Frontiers in Microbiology: DNA Polymerases as Useful Reagents for Biotechnology
PNAS: Microbial Growth at Hyperaccelerations up to 403,627 Ă g
Frontiers in Microbiology: Extremophiles and the Limits of Life in a Planetary Context
Journal of Indian Institute of Science: Bioprospecting Extremophiles for Astrobiology
NASA: Astrobiology
Frontiers in Microbiology: DNA Damage and Survival Time Course of Deinococcal Cell Pellets During 3 Years of Exposure to Outer Space
New Scientist: Radiation Resistant Bacteria Could Survive Journey From Earth to Mars---
2013 Paper: The Solar Eclipse Omen Texts from Enƫma Anu Enlil
National Geographic: History of Horocopes
My Modern Met: Mystical History of Astrology
British Newspaper Archive
BBC: Who Actually Writes Horoscopes
2020 Paper: The Man Behind the Horoscope Column- R H Naylor
2005 Paper: A History of Astrology Part I: Origins to the Romans
The Guardian: How Astrology Paved the Way for Predictive Analytics
BBC: Is Astrology Backed By Science?
2022: Even The Stars Think That I Am Superior
BBC: Is There Any Science in Astrology?
Scientific American: Is Astrology Real? Hereâs What Science Says
McGill University: How Astrology Escaped the Pull of Science
BBC: The Anxieties and Apps Fuelling the Astrology BoomHelp support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinlearn
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http://www.LetsLearnEverything.com/q
It's time to submit your questions for our annual Q&A episode!
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