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We start this week with Joseph’s story about the Tokenpocalypse, which is companies scrambling to stop spending so much on AI after providers started charging per AI token. After the break, Joseph and Emanuel tell us about the ways companies are trying to do this, including using a tool to make their LLMs talk like cavemen. In the subscribers-only section, Emanuel explains how entirely fake AI-generated flowers are all over eBay, Etsy, and Amazon.
The Tokenpocalypse Is Here: Companies Are Scrambling To Stop Spending So Much on AI
Companies Are Making Claude and Codex Talk Like Cavemen to Stop
AI’s Soaring CostsScammers Sell Seeds for Exotic AI-Generated Flowers That Don’t Exist
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This week, we're doing a deep dive into how marketing companies are poisoning AI search results by manipulating Reddit. You may remember when Google’s AI search results first launched, it recommended that people put glue on their pizza. Well that happened because it scraped a 10 year old Reddit comment. We’ve learned over the last year or so that this sort of thing can be done on purpose, and brands are taking advantage of it. There’s been the rise of AEO or GEO, which stands for AI Engine Optimization or Generative Engine Optimization. Basically this is trying to get mentions of your brand into web content that’s likely to be scraped by AI tools. It’s the new version of SEO and lots of marketers and companies are trying to do it.
The most reliable, easiest way to do this appears to be by putting brand mentions onto Reddit. Reddit’s volunteer mods have noticed an increase in bot accounts and entire sequencing efforts—where a post and its comments are all basically done as a stealth ad—intended to boost brands. I wrote an article about this a few weeks ago, about r/biohackers banning mentions of peptides, which were a popular promoted class of product. After we wrote that article, researchers from Cornell University reached out to me about a new study they had just done.
The research is called “Deep-research agents can be poisoned via user-generated content,” which provides a mechanism for the ways reddit, wikipedia, and other sites that allow users to post are being attacked by brands doing AEO: "We show that a tiny snippet—just 13 words—of retrieved text on a UGC website like Reddit, Wikipedia, Quora, or Facebook can change AI agents to output spam / scam content pretty consistently," the study says.
We spoke to two of the researchers, Hal Triedman and Tingwei Zhang, about this problem and what, if anything can be done about it.
Deep-Research Agents Can Be Poisoned via User-Generated Content: https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24245
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We start this week with Matthew’s story about a fascinating paper that argues if LLMs are sentient, then by those metrics so is the classic game Age of Empires II. After the break, Matthew tells us about a wild story out of Texas with a data center being built on land that was donated to be a park. In the subscribers-only section, we talk hacking and basketball.
If AI Is Sentient Then So Is ‘Age of Empires II’
A Farmer Donated Land to Turn into a Park. The City Is Building a Massive Data Center Instead
Hackers Publish Knicks and Madison Square Garden Data Online
Madison Square Garden Made Dossier on Activists Who Opposed Facial Recognition
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This week Joseph speaks to Jake Hanrahan, creator of the independent conflict-focused media company Popular Front. They talk all about conflict journalism and how to get your journalism out there when platforms like YouTube make it all that much harder, sometimes.
Popular Front
Away Days
Plastic Defence: Secret 3D Printed Guns in Europe
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We start this week with Joseph’s story about the FCC’s wild proposal to require peoples’ government ID numbers to even get a phone plan. The FCC is doing it to curb robocalls, but also said it would be useful for a bunch of other stuff. After the break, Jason tells us all about cops abusing Flock to stalk girlfriends and other people. In the subscribers’ only section, Emanuel explains how a software update is impacting Amazon drivers.
FCC Wants to Kill Burner Phones By Forcing Telecoms to Get All Customers’ IDs
Cops Keep Getting Arrested for Using Flock to Stalk People
Software Update Automatically Turns off Amazon Delivery Drivers’ AC During Dangerous Summer Heat
YouTube Version: https://youtu.be/hP53hSJSsSU
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This week, I’m thrilled to be joined by Imani Thompson. Imani is a digital security trainer and host of a series of events called Cache Me Outside, where she and partner orgs help people understand their personal security, divest from big tech platforms, and learn how to stay safe online. She recently hosted a “de-Googling” party and a self-doxxing rave.
We get into how platforms have tried to make surveillance cute, why that damn Duolingo owl emotionally manipulates you, and why learning about privacy best practices when surrounded by community works.
Follow Imani on Instagram
A 'Self-Doxing' Rave Helps Trans People Stay Safe Online
Now you can break up with big tech at a bar: ‘cybersecurity disguised as a party’
Fix It With Piggy
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We start this week with Emanuel’s story about the internal memes Google employees are making all about AI. Definitely check out some of the examples in the article or on YouTube. After the break, Jason tells us how Microsoft explicitly wants to “make people addicted” to its new AI assistant, according to an internal document. In the subscribers-only section, Jason explains how companies are using Reddit to manipulate AI search results and big LEGO drama.
Google Employees Internally Share Memes About How Its AI Sucks
Microsoft Wants to 'Make People Addicted' to its New AI Assistant, Internal Documents Reveal
Companies Are Using Reddit to Manipulate ChatGPT and Google AI Search
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Emanuel talks to Devindra Hardawar about AI in Hollywood and the state of the movie industry.
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I didn’t plan it this way, but it’s a good coincidence that my interview with Devindra Hardawar is coming out on the week that the first Star Wars movie in years is being crushed at the box office by two low budget horror movies. Something is extremely off at Hollywood, or at least the old studio executives and streamers who control most of the money that funds movies.
This week we’re joined by Devindra Hardawar. Devindra is a senior editor at Engadget and a co-host of The Filmcast, a podcast about film I’ve been listening to for 15 years. We’ve covered the intersection of the movie industry and AI here and there on 404 Media, but Devindra lives at that intersection. He’s the perfect person to talk to about AI and film, but also the state of the industry more broadly, how to fit movies into your life in the age of the infinite scroll, how to introduce kids to film, and more.
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We start this week with Jason’s story about one of the wildest hacking stories in a while. Hackers simply asked Meta’s AI to change the email address on a target Instagram account, and the chatbot did so. Insane. After the break, Emanuel tells us about Amazon’s internal leaderboard for tracking AI usage and how it was cheated. In the subscribers-only section, we provided an update on our lawsuit against ICE.
Hackers Simply Asked Meta AI to Give Them Access to High-Profile Instagram Accounts. It Worked
Amazon Shuts Down Internal AI Leaderboard After Employees Cheated
We Sued ICE to Get Its Spyware Contract. The Agency Is Redacting Essentially Everything
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Ursa Ag is an Alberta, Canada-based company that is selling a repairable, no tech tractor. It’s not often we have companies on this podcast, but listeners of the show will know we have been covering the right to repair movement for years. One of the things I’ve written about most is the frustration that farmers feel with agriculture giant John Deere, which has made their tractors very difficult to repair by loading it up with tech, lobbying against right to repair legislation, and making parts and diagnostic tools and repair guides hard to access. When we write about right to repair, people often say - why don’t people just vote with their dollars and buy something else? Well, all the major tractor companies have more or less done the same thing Deere has done - add software locks, sensors, and digital rights management to their tractors. There wasn’t any other alternative.
Doug Wilson of Ursa Ag has built an alternative. Ursa Ag is selling a repairable dumb tractor specifically to provide an alternative in the market. We spoke with Doug about how one creates a tractor company, how it all works, and what the response has been.
00:00 Doug Wilson Introduction
00:02:05 Why IRSA Ag Exists
00:04:24 Modern Tractors & Repair Locks
00:07:40 Demand for Older Tractors
00:08:46 The $800K Tractor Story
00:09:37 Building a Repairable Tractor
00:12:56 Precision Ag vs Simplicity
00:20:45 Starting a Tractor Company
00:22:52 AI & Everyday Farm Work
00:27:21 Viral Response & Demand
00:28:52 Expansion Plans
00:31:56 Why Farmers Want Simpler Machines
00:34:11 Farm Consolidation
00:35:48 Tech Overload Beyond Farming
00:36:57 What’s Next
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We start this week with Sam’s deeply reported story on how deepfakes rocked a high school, and how those kids were failed at each step. After the break, Joseph tells us about BusPatrol, a company that plans to turn school buses into roaming surveillance vehicles. In the subscribers-only section, Jason explains why a councilmember crashed out over Flock.
LA Made x 404 Media Presents: How AI is Threatening the Future of Media
How Deepfakes Tore a High School Apart
‘BusPatrol’ Put AI Cameras in Tens of Thousands of School Buses. Now They Want to Give Cops Access
After Town Bans Flock, Councilmember Crashes Out, Proposes Internet and Phone Ban
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This week Joseph speaks to Zack Whittaker, an editor at TechCrunch. Zack has been leading coverage into the spouseware or stalkerware industry. This is malware sold to ordinary people, which they then often install on their girlfriend’s or someone else’s phone. Zack talks about the crazy scope of this problem.
Behind the stalkerware network spilling the private phone data of hundreds of thousands
Spyzie stalkerware is spying on thousands of Android and iPhone users
Stalkerware tag on TechCrunch
This Week In Security Newsletter
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We start this week with Sam telling us all about the commencement speeches where speakers have been praising AI, including former Google CEO Eric Schmidt. That did not go down well! After the break, Jason tells us how he was offered the chance to buy a bunch of images of poop to train AI (really). In the subscribers-only section, Joseph explains how researchers planned to stick cameras onto preschool teachers to train AI.
Students Boo Commencement Speaker After She Calls AI the ‘Next Industrial Revolution’
Internet of Shit: AI Poop Analysis App Offered to Sell Me Database of Its Users' Poops
Researchers Wanted Preschool Teachers to Wear Cameras to Train AI
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This week, I’m delighted to be joined by Britt Paris. Britt is a critical informatics scholar and Associate Professor of Library and Information Science at Rutgers University’s School of Communication & Information. Her work focuses on Internet infrastructure, artificial intelligence-generated information objects, digital labor, civic data, and social epistemology. She’s also a fellow with AI Now. Her book Radical Infrastructure: Imagining the Internet from the Ground Up just came out in February.
Britt tells us about how her great-great-great uncle started a telecommunications cooperative in rural Missouri before the city even had connection, how examples like NEMR show us an alternative to monopolies that provide internet access and let people decide how they want their internet to work for them, and what’s giving her hope as she helps bargain for educators’ rights at Rutgers.
Radical Infrastructure: Imagining the Internet from the Ground Up
The American Association of University Professors on AI
University Professors Disturbed to Find Their Lectures Chopped Up and Turned Into AI Slop
Community Votes to Deny Water to Nuclear Weapons Data Center
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We start this week with Joseph’s story about how we obtained Haotian AI, a sought-after piece of realtime video deepfake software that lets you turn into anyone else during Microsoft Teams, WhatsApp, or Zoom calls. After the break, Matthew tells us about some insane Yu-Gi-Oh trading card drama. In the subscribers-only section, Jason explains how the hard drive shortage is impacting those archiving the internet.
‘HELLO BOSS’: Inside the Chinese Realtime Deepfake Software Powering Scams Around the World
Man Finds $1 Million Worth of Yu-Gi-Oh Cards in a Dumpster
The AI Hard Drive Shortage Is Making It More Expensive and Harder to Archive the Internet
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The logic behind Polymarket, Kalshi and sports betting apps can be traced back to the inner workings of the slot machine.
How did we get to a point where it’s legal for anyone to bet on anything? Be it the results of a baseball game or a land war in Europe, if you have access to a credit card and a computer you can try to predict the outcome of anything that’s happening in the world and win a little bit of money if you’re right. If we know that gambling can lead to high rates gambling addiction and financial ruin, why does it seem like our culture has suddenly embraced it?
For years, anyone who has reported on our increasing addiction to technology has found their way to Natasha Natasha Dow Schüll’s book Addiction by Design: Machine Gambling in Las Vegas. The book is an ethnography of slot machines. It is based on many interviews with the people who make them and play them, a deep investigation of how they work, and how they fit into the larger context of casinos, Las Vegas, and gambling more broadly.
Since it was published more than a decade ago, the logic of slot machines has extended far beyond Las Vegas. Every notification on our phone, trading platforms like Robinhood, the crypto craze, and now prediction markets, can be understood through the lens of slot machine design and Schüll work. That’s why I was incredibly happy she agreed to come on the podcast this week to discuss our current gambling-obsessed culture.
https://www.natashadowschull.org
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This week we start with Jason's story about Flock accessing cameras in a children's gymnastics room as a sale pitch demo. After the break, Emanuel tells us why Nature retracted a paper about the alleged benefits of ChatGPT in education. In the subscibers-only section, we talk all about the cancellation of RightsCon after pressure from the Chinese government.
City Learns Flock Accessed Cameras in Children's Gymnastics Room as a Sales Pitch Demo, Renews Contract Anyway
'Nature' Retracts Paper on the Benefits of ChatGPT in Education
OpenAI, Google, aÍnd Microsoft Back Bill to Fund ‘AI Literacy’ in Schools
World’s Largest Digital Human Rights Conference Suddenly Canceled
China Pressure Canceled World’s Largest Digital Human Rights Conference
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This week, we talk to Brian Merchant, author of Blood in the Machine, about a rash of people physically destroying AI and surveillance infrastructure. Brian puts this wave of attacks in the historical context of the Luddites, who are notoriously misunderstood and fought for worker protections against automation during the Industrial Revolution. Over the last few months, we have seen people in San Francisco and Los Angeles torch Waymos, bash delivery robots with baseball bats, destroy Flock cameras, and threaten AI data centers and the politicians championing them. This type of political violence doesn’t and cannot occur in a vacuum, it happens because people feel they are being taken advantage of and that their representatives aren’t listening to them. Given the current state of things, we can likely expect more of these sorts of attacks to occur.
Blood In The Machine
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This week, Jason explains the conspiracy theory circulating behind a trippy stock image that went viral after the White House Correspondents’ Dinner—was it sent here by a time traveler? (Spoiler: It was not.) Then Sam unpacks what’s happening at Arizona State University with a messy rollout of a new AI-powered tool that generates lessons by scraping professors’ lectures without their knowledge. In the second for subscribers at the Supporter level, Emanuel gets philosophical with a discussion about the question of machine consciousness and how it relates to a new paper from a Google-affiliated scientist.
â University Professors Disturbed to Find Their Lectures Chopped Up and Turned Into AI Slopâ
â Did a Time Traveling Superintelligent AI Try to Warn About White House Correspondents Dinner Shooting? An Investigationâ
â Google DeepMind Paper Argues LLMs Will Never Be Consciousâ
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This week Joseph talks to Lorenzo Franceschi-Bicchierai, a journalist at TechCrunch. Lorenzo has possibly the deepest understanding of one of the wildest cybersecurity stories in years: how an employee of Trenchant, a government malware vendor that is supposed to only sell to the ‘good’ guys, secretly sold a bunch of hacking tools to a Russian company. Those tools, it looks like, then ended up with the Russian government and possibly Chinese criminals too. It’s a really insane story about how powerful hacking tech can fall into the wrong hands.
Inside the story of the US defense contractor who leaked hacking tools to Russia
US military contractor likely built iPhone hacking tools used by Russian spies in Ukraine
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