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  • [โœ2. Andante] Detailed definition of noun : VใŸ + Noun (Note: imaichi = colloq.: not good enough)
    Note: imaichi = colloq.: not good enough

    [00:09]

    Good morning, everyone. Listen to the first sentence, then repeat the next sentence.

    [00:18]

    1. This is a book. I bought it yesterday.

    โ†’ This is the book that I bought yesterday.

    2. This is a film. I watched it the other day.

    โ†’ This is the film that I watched the other day.

    3. This is a photo. I took it.

    โ†’ This is the photo I took.

    4. That is an umbrella. My friend forgot it.

    โ†’ That is the umbrella that my friend forgot.

    5. Itโ€™s a vegetable juice.

    โ†’ Itโ€™s vegetable juice I made myself.

    Repeat after me

    [01:48]

    1. Have you already read the book you bought yesterday?

    2. The film I saw the other day was interesting.

    3. I uploaded the photo I took on the internet.

    4. What colour is the umbrella your friend forgot?

    5. The vegetable juice I made myself is not very tasty.

    [03:08]

    Next, listen to the [Key Words] and make a sentence, as follows.

    [03:16]

    For example,

    [KW] I got it from my father, book

    โ†’ This is a book I got from my father.

    Ready?

    [03:26]

    1. [KW] I took in San Francisco, Photo

    โ†’ (This is) a photo, I took in San Francisco.

    2. [KW] got for my birthday, bag

    โ†’ (This is) the bag I got for my birthday.

    3. [KW] I bought in Japan, mug

    โ†’ (This is) a mug I bought in Japan.

    4. [KW] I read it long time ago, novel

    โ†’ (This is) the novel I read long time ago.

    5. [KW] I learned this morning, news

    โ†’ (This is) the news I learned this morning.

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    ใ€Œใ•ใใฐใ‚“ ใฟใŸใˆใ„ใŒใฏ ใ„ใพใ„ใกใงใ—ใŸใ€

    Note: ใ„ใพใ„ใก= colloq.: not good enough

    [00:09]

    ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใŠใฏใ‚ˆใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

    ใงใฏใ€ใ•ใ„ใ—ใ‚‡ใฎใถใ‚“ใ‚’ใใ„ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใคใŽใฎใถใ‚“ใ‚’ใƒชใƒ”ใƒผใƒˆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

    [00:18]

    1. ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใปใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใฎใ†ใ‹ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    โ†’ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใใฎใ†ใ‹ใฃใŸ ใปใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚

    2. ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใˆใ„ใŒใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใพใˆใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    โ†’ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ“ใฎใพใˆ ใฟใŸ ใˆใ„ใŒใงใ™ใ€‚

    3. ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ—ใ‚ƒใ—ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใŸใ—ใŒใจใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    โ†’ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใŸใ—ใŒใจใฃใŸใ—ใ‚ƒใ—ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚

    4. ใ‚ใ‚Œใฏ ใ‹ใ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใŒใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    โ†’ ใ‚ใ‚Œใฏ ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใŒ ใ‚ใ™ใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใ•ใงใ™ใ€‚

    5. ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚„ใ•ใ„ใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ใ˜ใถใ‚“ใง ใคใใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ

    โ†’ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ˜ใถใ‚“ใง ใคใใฃใŸใ‚„ใ•ใ„ใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚

    Repeat after me

    [01:48]

    1. ใใฎใ†ใ‹ใฃใŸ ใปใ‚“ใ‚’ ใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚ˆใฟใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚

    2. ใ“ใฎใพใˆ ใฟใŸ ใˆใ„ใŒใฏ ใŠใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚

    3. ใ‚ใŸใ—ใŒ ใจใฃใŸใ—ใ‚ƒใ—ใ‚“ใ‚’ ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใซใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    4. ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใŒ ใ‚ใ™ใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใ•ใฏ ใชใซใ„ใ‚ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    5. ใ˜ใถใ‚“ใง ใคใใฃใŸ ใ‚„ใ•ใ„ใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฏใ‚ใพใ‚ŠใŠใ„ใ—ใใชใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    [03:08]

    ใคใŽใฏใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰[Key Words]ใ‚’ใใ„ใฆใ€ใŠใชใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใถใ‚“ใ‚’ ใคใใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    [03:16]

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    [KW]ใกใกใซ ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใปใ‚“

    โ†’ (ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ) ใกใกใซ ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใŸ ใปใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    [03:26]

    1. [KW] ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ทใ‚นใ‚ณใง ใจใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ—ใ‚ƒใ—ใ‚“

    โ†’ (ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ) ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ทใ‚นใ‚ณใงใจใฃใŸใ—ใ‚ƒใ—ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚

    2. [KW]ใŸใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใณใซ ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ‹ใฐใ‚“

    โ†’(ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ) ใŸใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใณใซ ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใŸ ใ‹ใฐใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚

    3. [KW] ใซใปใ‚“ใง ใ‹ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใƒžใ‚ฐใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—

    โ†’(ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ) ใซใปใ‚“ใงใ‹ใฃใŸใƒžใ‚ฐใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใงใ™ใ€‚

    4. [KW]ใ‚€ใ‹ใ— ใ‚ˆใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ›ใค

    โ†’(ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ) ใ‚€ใ‹ใ—ใ‚ˆใ‚“ใ  ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ›ใคใงใ™ใ€‚

    5. [KW]ใ‘ใ• ใ—ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚น

    โ†’(ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ) ใ‘ใ• ใ—ใฃใŸ ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚

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    Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

  • [โœ1.Adagio]
    Note: Japanese people are generally not good at small talk, but even if they donโ€™t know each other well, they might have a small chat with neighbours or people working in the same building. "Weather" is always a good topic to start with!

    [00: 07]Hello everyone. Letโ€™s talk about the weather today.
    Repeat after me

    [00:14]

    1. Itโ€™s a good weather today, isnโ€™t it?

    (Lit.: Today is a good weather, isnโ€™t it?)

    2. Itโ€™s clear/sunshiny/fine today, isnโ€™t it?

    3. Itโ€™s warm today, isnโ€™t it?

    4. Itโ€™s cloudy today, isnโ€™t it?

    5. Itโ€™s cold today, isnโ€™t it?

    6. Itโ€™s cool today,isnโ€™t it?

    [01:08]

    You have no problem so far, right?

    Repeat after me

    [01:14]

    1. Itโ€™s hot every day, isnโ€™t it.

    2. Itโ€™s hot and humid/muggy today, isnโ€™t it?

    3. Itโ€™s raining a lot, isnโ€™t it?

    4. Itโ€™s a strong wind, isnโ€™t it?

    5. It will be snow tomorrow, wonโ€™t it?

    6. Itโ€™s strange weather, isnโ€™t it?

    [02:15]

    Then, letโ€™s answer as follows.

    For example,

    [02:19]

    How is the weather there?

    here rain

    โ†’ It rains (itโ€™s raining) here.

    OK?

    [02:29]

    1. How is the weather there?

    here, hot

    โ†’ Itโ€™s hot here.

    2. How is the weather there?

    nice weather

    โ†’ Itโ€™s nice weather here.

    3. How is the weather there?

    here, very cold

    โ†’ Itโ€™s very cold here.

    [03:27]

    4. How is the weather there?

    today, muggy

    โ†’ Itโ€™s muggy today.

    5. How is the weather there?

    since yesterday, rain

    โ†’ Itโ€™s been raining since yesterday.

    6. How is the weather there?

    nice weather, but cold/chilly at night

    โ†’ Itโ€™s nice weather, but cold at night.

    [04:36]

    Now, letโ€™s make a sentence in past form.

    For example,

    it rains, yesterday

    โ†’ It rained yesterday.

    Ready?

    [04:49]

    1. It snows, yesterday

    โ†’ It snowed yesterday.

    2. Itโ€™s hot, last week

    โ†’ It was hot last week.

    3. Itโ€™s chilly, this morning

    โ†’ It was chilly this morning.

    4. Itโ€™s clear, in the morning

    โ†’ It was clear in the morning.

    [06:06]

    Next comes Dialogue.

    In the office building, Tomoko san(A) dashed and got in the elevator just before the door closed. A man(B) inside asked what floor she wanted to go to and pressed the elevator button for her. They had a little conversation about the weather.

    [06:27]

    A: Ah, I made it.

    B: Which floor (would you like to go)?

    A: 9th floor please. Thank you.

    B: Sure, 9th floorโ€ฆ Itโ€™s muggy today, isnโ€™t it?

    A: Yeah, and it was very windy yesterday, wasnโ€™t it?

    B: It will be heavy rain tomorrow.

    A: Really? Itโ€™s a strange weather recently, isnโ€™t it?

    Repeat after me

    [06:55]

    1. 9th floor please.

    2. Itโ€™s muggy today, isnโ€™t it?

    3. It was very windy yesterday, wasnโ€™t it?

    4. It will be heavy rain tomorrow.

    5. Itโ€™s a strange weather recently, isnโ€™t it?

    Support the show

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    Need more translation & transcript? Become a patron: More episodes with full translation and Japanese transcripts. Members-only podcast feed for your smartphone app. Japanese Swotter on Patreon
    Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

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  • โœ4.Allegretto, 5.Allegro] (You can try "shadowing" from 07:55.)
    โ€œIt seems so.โ€

    [00:07]

    Hello everyone. Today, we practice ใ€œrashii (it seemsโ€ฆ apparently).

    Note 1: โ€œใ€œrashiiโ€ and โ€œyou(na)โ€ are often interchangeable, but technically ใ€œrashii conveys hearsay or presumption based on an indirect information. With โ€œใ€œyou(na)โ€, it can be based on either direct or indirect information and sounds a bit more certain.

    Note 2: ใ€œrashii also expresses typical properties; โ€œใฏใ‚‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใฆใ‚“ใใงใ™ใญโ€ means โ€œ itโ€™s a typical spring weather, isnโ€™t it?โ€œ.

    [00:13]

    There are rumors in the office as follows.

    Repeat after me

    [00:18]

    1. Higashi san seems to be leaving the company.

    2. It seems that Minami san also want to quit the company.

    3. The manager doesnโ€™t seem to know that yet.

    4. There seems to be a drinking party on Friday.

    5. Apparently the manager will also come to the drinking party.

    6. It seems that the two will talk to the manager there.

    [01:36]

    Now, make a sentence as follows.

    For example,

    [01:40]

    Suzuki san, car, bought with a loan

    โ†’ Suzuki san seem to have bought a car with a loan.

    Ready?

    [01:53]

    1. โ†’ It seems that the department store in Shinjuku is on sale now.

    2. โ†’ That road seems to be closed due to a typhoon.

    3. โ†’ The Shinkansen seems to have stopped due to the earthquake.

    4. โ†’ Apparently the concert tickets arenโ€™t selling very well.

    5. โ†’ It seems that valuables were placed here.

    6. โ†’ It seems that yesterdayโ€™s test wasnโ€™t too difficult.

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    [00:07]

    ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ใใ‚‡ใ†ใฏ๏ฝขใ€œใ‚‰ใ—ใ„๏ฝฃใ‚’ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚

    [00:13]

    ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซใฏใคใŽใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช ใ†ใ‚ใ•ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚

    Repeat after me

    [00:18]

    1. ใฒใŒใ—ใ•ใ‚“ใฏ ใ‹ใ„ใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚’ ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚

    2. ใฟใชใฟใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ ใ‹ใ„ใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚’ ใ‚„ใ‚ใŸใ„ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚

    3. ใถใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฏ ใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ ใพใ  ใ—ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚

    4. ใใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ†ใณใซ ใฎใฟใ‹ใ„ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚

    5. ใฎใฟใ‹ใ„ใซ ใถใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚‚ ใใ‚‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚

    6. ใใ“ใง ใตใŸใ‚Šใฏ ใถใกใ‚‡ใ†ใจใฏใชใ™ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚

    [01:36]

    ใงใฏใ€ใคใŽใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใถใ‚“ใ‚’ใคใใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    [01:40]

    ใ™ใšใใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚‹ใพใ€ใƒญใƒผใƒณใงใ‹ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ

    โ†’ ใ™ใšใใ•ใ‚“ใฏ ใใ‚‹ใพใ‚’ใƒญใƒผใƒณใง ใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    [01:53]

    1. ใ—ใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚…ใใฎใƒ‡ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใ€ใ„ใพใ€ใ‚ปใƒผใƒซใกใ‚…ใ†

    โ†’ ใ—ใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚…ใใฎใƒ‡ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใฏ ใ„ใพใ‚ปใƒผใƒซใกใ‚…ใ†ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    2. ใ‚ใฎใฟใกใ€ใŸใ„ใตใ†ใ€ใคใ†ใ“ใ†ใฉใ‚

    โ†’ ใ‚ใฎใฟใกใฏใ€ใŸใ„ใตใ†ใง ใคใ†ใ“ใ†ใฉใ‚ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    3. ใ—ใ‚“ใ‹ใ‚“ใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ˜ใ—ใ‚“ใ€ ใจใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹

    โ†’ ใ—ใ‚“ใ‹ใ‚“ใ›ใ‚“ใฏ ใ˜ใ—ใ‚“ใง ใจใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    4. ใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใƒˆใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ†ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„

    โ†’ ใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใƒˆใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใฏใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Š ใ†ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    5. ใใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฒใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใŠใ„ใฆใŠใ„ใŸ

    โ†’ ใใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฒใ‚“ใฏ ใ“ใ“ใซใŠใ„ใฆใŠใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    6. ใใฎใ†ใฎใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ€ใใ‚Œใปใฉ ใ‚€ใšใ‹ใ—ใใชใ‹ใฃใŸ

    โ†’ ใใฎใ†ใฎใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฏ ใใ‚Œใปใฉ ใ‚€ใšใ‹ใ—ใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    [04:46]

    ใงใฏใ€ใคใŽใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ™ในใฆใ€๏ฝขใใ†ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™(ใญ)๏ฝฃใพใŸใฏ๏ฝขใใ†ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใญ๏ฝฃใง ใ“ใŸใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

    [04:54]

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    ใ‚ใฎใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใ€ใ™ใ”ใใŸใ‹ใ„ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚

    โ†’ ใใ†ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

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    Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

  • [โœ2. Andante] ใ€œใพใง(until, up to)๏ผŸ ใ€œใพใงใซ(by)๏ผŸ

    โ€œI want to get married by the age of 40.โ€

    [ใพใง(made) is often used in conjunction with verbs which represent the time width(duration), such as โ€isโ€, โ€œcontinue, โ€œwait, โ€œworkโ€, โ€œrest", and so on. ใพใงใซ(madeni) indicates the time limit by which an action should be done, most of the time followed by verbs such as โ€œreturnโ€, โ€œfinishโ€, โ€œsubmitโ€, โ€œmarryโ€ etc.]

    [00:08]

    Good morning, everyone. We practice โ€œmadeโ€ and โ€œmade niโ€ today.

    [00: 15]

    Whatโ€™s the difference between; โ€œraigetsu made hon wo karimasuโ€ and โ€œraigetsu madeni hon wo karimasuโ€?

    [00:24]

    The first one: โ€œraigetsu made hon wo karimasuโ€ is โ€I will borrow and keep the book until next month. Here we are talking about the duration.

    [00:37]

    Meanwhile,โ€madeniโ€ indicates the time limit. Therefore โ€œraigetsu madeni hon wo karimasuโ€ implies I havenโ€™t borrowed a book yet, and I will borrow a book by next month.

    [00:54]

    Letโ€™s start with โ€œmadeโ€.

    Repeat after me

    [00:59]

    1. Until what time is your work (Until what time do you work)?

    2. My work is (I work) until 5 pm.

    3. I work from 9 am to 5 pm.

    4. Lunch (time) is from 12 am to 1 pm.

    5. There is (I have no) break until 3 pm.

    [02:04]

    Now, listen to the key words first. Then repeat the sentence.

    [02:10]

    For example,

    [KW] Test, 2 pm till 3 pm

    โ†’ The test is from 2 pm to/till 3 pm.

    Ready๏ผŸ

    [01:21]

    1. [KW] work, Friday, off

    โ†’ Work is (Iโ€™m) off until Friday.

    2. [KW] 8 pm, online meeting

    โ†’ I had (There was) an online meeting until 8 pm.

    3. [KW] father, 70 years old

    โ†’ My father worked until 70 years old.

    4. [KW] itโ€™s your turn, wait here

    โ†’ Untill itโ€™s your turn, please wait here.

    5. [KW] Mori san, until a while ago, was

    โ†’ Mori san was here until a while ago.


    =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=

    ใ€Œ40ใ•ใ„ใพใงใซ ใ‘ใฃใ“ใ‚“ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€

    [00:08]

    ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใŠใฏใ‚ˆใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚‡ใ†ใฏ๏ฝขใพใง๏ฝฃใจ๏ฝขใพใงใซ๏ฝฃใ‚’ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚

    [00:15]

    Whatโ€™s the difference between;

    โ€œใ‚‰ใ„ใ’ใคใพใง ใปใ‚“ใ‚’ ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™โ€ and โ€œใ‚‰ใ„ใ’ใคใพใงใซ ใปใ‚“ใ‚’ ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™โ€?

    [00:24]

    The first one: โ€œใ‚‰ใ„ใ’ใคใพใง ใปใ‚“ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™โ€ is โ€I will borrow and keep the book until next month. Here we are talking about the duration.

    [00:37]

    Meanwhile,ใพใงใซ indicates the time limit. Therefore โ€œใ‚‰ใ„ใ’ใคใพใงใซ ใปใ‚“ใ‚’ ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™โ€ implies I havenโ€™t borrowed a book yet, and I will borrow a book by next month.

    [00:54]Letโ€™s start with ใพใง.

    Repeat after me

    [00:59]

    1. ใ—ใ”ใจใฏ ใชใ‚“ใ˜ใพใง ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    2. ใ—ใ”ใจใฏ ๏ผ•ใ˜ใพใง ใงใ™ใ€‚

    3. ๏ผ™ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚‰ ๏ผ•ใ˜ใพใง ใฏใŸใ‚‰ใใพใ™ใ€‚

    4. ใƒฉใƒณใƒใฏ 12ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚‰ 1ใ˜ใพใง ใงใ™ใ€‚

    5. ๏ผ“ใ˜ใพใง ใใ‚…ใ†ใ‘ใ„*ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    (*ใใ‚…ใ†ใ‘ใ„ = break, time off)

    [02:04]

    ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰[Key Words]ใ‚’ใใ„ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใถใ‚“ใ‚’ใƒชใƒ”ใƒผใƒˆใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    [02:10]

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    [KW] ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ€๏ผ’ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผ“ใ˜

    โ†’ ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฏ๏ผ’ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผ“ใ˜ใพใงใงใ™ใ€‚

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    [02:21]

    1. [KW]ใ—ใ”ใจใ€ใใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ†ใณใ€ใ‚„ใ™ใฟ

    โ†’ ใ—ใ”ใจใฏ ใใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ†ใณใพใง ใ‚„ใ™ใฟใงใ™ใ€‚

    2. [KW]ใ‚ˆใ‚‹8ใ˜ใ€ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใ‹ใ„ใŽ

    โ†’ ใ‚ˆใ‚‹8ใ˜ใพใง ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณ ใ‹ใ„ใŽใงใ—ใŸใ€‚

    3. [KW]ใกใกใ€70ใ•ใ„

    โ†’ ใกใกใฏ 70ใ•ใ„ใพใงใฏใŸใ‚‰ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    4. [KW]ใ˜ใ‚…ใ‚“ใฐใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใพใกใพใ™

    โ†’ ใ˜ใ‚…ใ‚“ใฐใ‚“ใŒใใ‚‹ใพใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใพใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

    5. [KW]ใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ•ใฃใใพใงใ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ

    โ†’ ใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ•ใ‚“ใฏ ใ•ใฃใใพใง ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

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    Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

  • โ€œIt may be fake news.โ€

    โ˜† ๏ฝขใ€œkamo shiremasen๏ฝฃ is quasi โ€œI think ใ€œ (but not sure).โ€œ , and lesser degree of certainty in comparison with ๏ฝข ใ€œdeshou (e.g โ€œIโ€™ll betโ€ฆโ€œ)๏ฝฃ.

    [00: 08]

    Hello everyone. How are you doing? Today(โ€˜s topic) is โ€œit may/might be.โ€ฆโ€.

    [00:15]

    There is a party tomorrow. Please answer followings with maybe or maybe not.

    [00:21]

    For example๏ผ›Are you going to tomorrowโ€™s party? / maybe โ†’ I may go.

    Ready?

    [00:30]

    1. Is Erika san coming? / maybe

    โ†’ She may come.

    2. Is Richard san also coming? / maybe

    โ†’ He may come.

    3. Is Stephan san also coming? / maybe not

    โ†’ He may not come.

    4. How about Alexander san? Are you going? / maybe

    โ†’ I may go.

    5. How about Daniela san? Are you going? /maybe not

    โ†’ I may not go.

    6. Are you, Yang san, also going? / well, may be

    โ†’ Well, I may go.

    [01:40]

    Repeat after me

    1. I may eat lunch later.

    2. I may take a day offor holiday) next month.

    3. I may quit Karate.

    4. I may not in time.

    5. Suga san may not drink alcohol.

    [02:57]

    Apparently, Prime Minister Suga doesnโ€™t drink alcohol, by the way.

    [03:06]

    When youโ€™d like to say somebody may have done something, ใŸta-form will be used.

    =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=

    ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€

    [00:08]

    ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ใŠใ’ใ‚“ใใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ใใ‚‡ใ†ใฏใ€Œใ€œใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚

    [00:15]

    ใ‚ใ—ใŸใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚

    Maybe or maybe notใงใ“ใŸใˆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    [00:21]

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    ใ‚ใ—ใŸใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใซใ„ใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚maybe

    โ†’ ใ„ใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    [00:30]

    1. ใ‚จใƒชใ‚ซใ•ใ‚“ใฏ ใใพใ™ใ‹ / maybe

    โ†’ใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    2. ใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ใใพใ™ใ‹ / maybe

    โ†’ ใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    3. ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒ†ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ใใพใ™ใ‹ / maybe not

    โ†’ ใ“ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    4. ใ‚ขใƒฌใ‚ฏใ‚ตใƒณใƒ€ใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใฏ๏ผŸใ„ใใพใ™ใ‹ /maybe

    โ†’ ใ„ใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    5. ใƒ€ใƒ‹ใ‚จใƒฉใ•ใ‚“ใฏ๏ผŸใ„ใใพใ™ใ‹ / maybe not

    โ†’ ใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    6. ใƒคใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ /ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€may be

    โ†’ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ„ใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    [01:40]

    Repeat after me

    1. ใƒฉใƒณใƒใฏ ใ‚ใจใง ใŸในใ‚‹ ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    2. ใ‚‰ใ„ใ’ใคใ€ใ‚„ใ™ใฟใ‚’ใจใ‚‹ ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    3. ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฆใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    4. ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚“ใซ ใพใซใ‚ใ‚ใชใ„ ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    5. ใ™ใŒใ•ใ‚“ใฏ ใŠใ•ใ‘ใ‚’ ใฎใพใชใ„ ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    [02:57]

    ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ใ™ใŒใ—ใ‚…ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใฏใ€ใŠใ•ใ‘ใ‚’ใฎใพใชใ„ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    [03:06]

    When youโ€™d like to say somebody may have done something, ใŸta-form should be used.

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    Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

  • โ€œMy job is tough, but fun.โ€

    [00:08]

    Hello everyone. How do you say, โ€œJapanese language is not easy, but funโ€๏ผŸ It is; โ€œNihongo wa kantan dewa arimasenga, tanoshii desu.โ€ - isnโ€™t it? Letโ€™s begin.

    [00:21]

    First, you hear [Key Word]. Then you repeat after me.

    [00:29]

    [Key Word: tough, fun]

    1. Studying is tough, but fun.

    2. My job is tough, but fun.

    3. Parenting is tough, but fun.

    [01:11]

    [Key Word: I donโ€™t like, do every day]

    1. I donโ€™t like studying Kanji, but I do it every day.

    2. I donโ€™t like jogging, but I do it every day.

    3. I donโ€™t like cooking, but I do it every day.

    [02:00]

    You can say โ€œsuki dewa arimasenโ€œ in stead of โ€œsuki ja naiโ€œ, as you may know.

    We continue.

    [02:11]

    1. Yesterday was snow(it snowed yesterday), but (it was) not cold.

    2. The hotel room was small, but clean.

    3. The test was difficult, but I did my best.

    4. The taxi is expensive, but convenient.

    5. I have a cough, but no fever.

    (seki ga deru = have a cough)

    6. I donโ€™t have money, but Iโ€™m happy.

    [03:39]

    Now, make a sentence as follows.

    For example,

    night, still bright

    โ†’ Itโ€™s night, but still bright.

    Ready?

    [03:51]

    1. Sunday, go to work

    โ†’ Itโ€™s Sunday, but I go to work.

    2. This restaurant, expensive, not delicious

    โ†’ This resraurant is expensive, but (the food is) not delicious.

    3. Disneyland, fun, many people

    โ†’ Disneyland is fun, but there are many people.

    4. still February, already warm

    โ†’ Itโ€™s still February, but itโ€™s already warm.

    =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=
    ใ€Œใ—ใ”ใจใฏใŸใ„ใธใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใŸใฎใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€

    [00:08]

    ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚How do you say, โ€œJapanese language is not easy, but funโ€๏ผŸ

    โ€œใซใปใ‚“ใ”ใฏ ใ‹ใ‚“ใŸใ‚“ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใŸใฎใ—ใ„ใงใ™โ€ใ€ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใงใฏใ€ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    [00:21]

    ใพใšใ€ใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰[Key Word]ใ‚’ใใใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒชใƒ”ใƒผใƒˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚

    [00:29]

    [ใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰๏ผšใŸใ„ใธใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€ใŸใฎใ—ใ„ใงใ™]

    1. ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ†ใฏ ใŸใ„ใธใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใŸใฎใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    2. ใ—ใ”ใจใฏใŸ ใ„ใธใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใŸใฎใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    3. ใ“ใใ ใฆใฏ ใŸใ„ใธใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใŸใฎใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    [01:11]

    [ใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰๏ผšใ™ใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ€ใพใ„ใซใกใ—ใพใ™]

    1. ใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใฎ ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ†ใฏ ใ™ใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใพใ„ใซใกใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚

    2. ใ‚ธใƒงใ‚ฎใƒณใ‚ฐใฏ ใ™ใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใพใ„ใซใกใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚

    3. ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚Šใฏ ใ™ใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใพใ„ใซใกใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚

    [02:00]

    You can say ใ™ใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ instead of ใ™ใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„, as you may know.

    ใคใฅใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚

    [02:11]

    1. ใใฎใ†ใฏ ใ‚†ใใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ•ใ‚€ใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚

    2. ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฎใธใ‚„ใฏ ใ›ใพใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ„ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚

    3. ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฏ ใ‚€ใšใ‹ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใŒใ€ใŒใ‚“ใฐใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    4. ใ‚ฟใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใฏ ใŸใ‹ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ในใ‚“ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚

    5. ใ›ใใŒใงใพใ™ใŒใ€ใญใคใฏ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

    (ใ›ใใŒใงใ‚‹= have a cough)

    6. ใŠใ‹ใญใฏ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ—ใ‚ใ‚ใ›ใงใ™ใ€‚

    [03:39]

    ใงใฏใ€ใคใŽใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใถใ‚“ใ‚’ใคใใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    ใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ€ใพใ  ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ„ใงใ™

    โ†’ใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใพใ  ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    [03:51]

    1. ใซใกใ‚ˆใ†ใณใ€ใ—ใ”ใจใซ ใ„ใใพใ™

    โ†’ ใซใกใ‚ˆใ†ใณใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ—ใ”ใจใซใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚

    2. ใ“ใฎใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใ€ใŸใ‹ใ„ใ€ใŠใ„ใ—ใใชใ„ใงใ™

    โ†’ใ“ใฎใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใฏ ใŸใ‹ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใŠใ„ใ—ใใชใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    3. ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚บใƒ‹ใƒผใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใŸใฎใ—ใ„ใ€ใฒใจใŒใŠใŠใ„

    โ†’ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚บใƒ‹ใƒผใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฏ ใŸใฎใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใฒใจใŒ ใŠใŠใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    4. ใพใ ๏ผ’(ใซ)ใŒใคใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚ใŸใŸใ‹ใ„ใงใ™

    โ†’ ใพใ ๏ผ’(ใซ)ใŒใคใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚ใŸใŸใ‹ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚

    [05:34]

    For adjectives, ใ€œใงใ™ใŒ can be replaced by ใ€œใ‘ใฉใ€‚For example, instead of โ€œใ—ใ”ใจใฏใ„ใใŒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใŸใฎใ—ใ„ใงใ™โ€, you can say โ€œใ—ใ”ใจใฏใ„ใใŒใ—ใ„ใ‘ใฉใ€ใŸใฎใ—ใ„ใงใ™โ€.

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  • [โœ2.Andante + 3.Moderato]VใŸ+ใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€+ใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆ
    ask for advice/instructionใ€advice/recommend something

    โ€œYou should order a beer for now.โ€

    [00:08]

    Hello everyone. Suga san is busy with work and is stressed. Letโ€™s give him some advice.

    Repeat after me

    [00:19]

    1. Suga san, you should take a break.(take a little rest)

    2. You should go jogging.

    3. You should watch movies.

    4. You should cook.

    5. You should eat something delicious.

    6. Suga san, you should listen to your favourite music.

    [01:32]

    Now, make a sentence as follows.

    For example,

    [01:35]

    Letโ€™s do yoga.

    โ†’ You should do yoga.

    Ready?

    [01:44]

    1. Letโ€™s make a reservation online.

    โ†’ You should make a reservation online.

    2. Letโ€™s read this book.

    โ†’ You should read this book.

    3. Letโ€™s do the work tomorrow.

    โ†’ You should do the work tomorrow.

    4. Letโ€™s do the homework by the end of today.

    โ†’ You should do the homework by the end of today.

    (kyoujuuni = by the end of today, by tonight)

    5. For now, letโ€™s order a beer.

    โ†’ You should order a beer for now.

    [03:37]

    โ€œToriaezuโ€ means โ€œfor the time beingโ€ or โ€œfor nowโ€. Youโ€™d hear a lot especially in Izakaya that Japanese people order first drink by saying โ€œToriaezu, Bi-ru!โ€ = Iโ€™ll start off with a beer.โ€ And then make a toast with Beer before looking at the menu.

    [04:02]

    When you donโ€™t know what you should do, just ask โ€sumimasen, kore, doushitara iidesuka?โ€, desune.

    Repeat after me

    [04:12]

    1. Where should I park my bicycle?

    2. By when should I apply?

    3. Where should I withdraw money?

    4. Who should I give this document to?

    (watasu = give, pass, hand over)

    =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=

    ใ€Œใจใ‚Šใ‚ใˆใš ใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ ใŸใฎใ‚“ใ ใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚ใ€

    [00:08]

    ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ใ™ใŒใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ€ใ—ใ”ใจใŒใ„ใใŒใ—ใใฆใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใŒใŸใพใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    Repeat after me

    [00:19]

    1. ใ™ใŒใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    2. ใ‚ธใƒงใ‚ฎใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    3. ใˆใ„ใŒใ‚’ใฟใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    4. ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚Šใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    5. ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใŸในใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    6. ใ™ใŒใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ™ใใชใŠใ‚“ใŒใใ‚’ใใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    [01:32]

    ใงใฏใ€ใคใŽใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใถใ‚“ใ‚’ใคใใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    [01:35]

    ใƒจใ‚ฌใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†

    โ†’ ใƒจใ‚ฌใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    [01:44]

    1. ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใงใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚„ใใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    โ†’ ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใงใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚„ใใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    2. ใ“ใฎใปใ‚“ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    โ†’ ใ“ใฎใปใ‚“ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚“ใ ใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    3. ใใฎใ—ใ”ใจใฏใ‚ใ—ใŸใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†

    โ†’ ใใฎใ—ใ”ใจใฏใ‚ใ—ใŸใ‚„ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    4. ใ—ใ‚…ใใ ใ„ใฏใใ‚‡ใ†ใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    โ†’ ใ—ใ‚…ใใ ใ„ใฏ ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใซ ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    (ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใซ= by the end of today, by tonight)

    5. ใจใ‚Šใ‚ใˆใšใ€ใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใŸใฎใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    โ†’ ใจใ‚Šใ‚ใˆใšใ€ใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใŸใฎใ‚“ใ ใ‚‰ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚

    [03:37]

    ใจใ‚Šใ‚ใˆใš means โ€œfor the time beingโ€ or โ€œfor nowโ€. Youโ€™d hear a lot especially in Izakaya that Japanese people order first drink by saying ใจใ‚Šใ‚ใˆใšใ€ใƒ“ใƒผใƒซ๏ผโ€Iโ€™ll start off with a beer.โ€ And then make a toast with Beer before looking at the menu.

    [04:02]

    When you donโ€™t know what you should do, just askใ€Œใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ€ใงใ™ใญใ€‚

    Repeat after me

    [04:12]

    1. ใฉใ“ใซใ˜ใฆใ‚“ใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚’ใจใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    2. ใ„ใคใพใงใซใ‚‚ใ†ใ—ใ“ใ‚“ใ ใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    3. ใฉใ“ใงใŠใ‹ใญใ‚’ใŠใ‚ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    4. ใ“ใฎใ—ใ‚‡ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ ใ‚Œใซใ‚ใŸใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    (ใ‚ใŸใ™ = give, pass, hand over)

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    Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

  • [โœ4.Allegretto] V-jisho+ ใฎใ‚’ ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ forgot to โ€ฆ

    โ€œI forgot to attach the file to the mail.โ€

    [00:09]

    Hello everyone. Letโ€™s forget various things today. We practice โ€œใ€œsuruno wo wasuremashitaโ€.

    Repeat after me

    [00:20]

    1. I forgot to take a cold (and flu) remedy /medicine.

    2. I forgot to buy my friendโ€™s birthday present.

    3. I forgot to cook/make my sonโ€™s lunch box.

    4. I forgot to contact my clients.

    5. I forgot to charge my smartphone.

    [01:28]

    Make a sentence as follow.

    For example,

    lights in the room, not turn off

    โ†’ I forgot to turn off the lights in the room.

    Ready?

    [01:41]

    1. commuter pass, not bring

    โ†’ I forgot to bring my commuter pass.

    (teikiken = commuter pass, season ticket)

    2. the change of the meeting time, not tell the boss

    โ†’ I forgot to tell my boss about the change of the meeting time.

    3. perishable items, right away, not put in the fridge

    โ†’ I forgot to put the perishables in the fridge right away.

    4. before going to bed, TV, not turn off

    โ†’ I forgot to turn off the TV before going to bed.

    5. hotel card key, go out without

    โ†’ I forgot to bring my hotel card key with me.

    = I locked myself out of my room

    Dialogue (Plain(1) style)

    [03:55]

    Takahashi san is on his way to a concert after finishing his work. Heโ€™s forgotten the ticket in the office. He calls the office. Sakamoto san (who is โ€œdouki*โ€) is still in the office.

    *douki = started working at the same time (tend to speak in plain style if they are similar age)

    =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=

    ใ€Œใ‚ใ€ใƒกใƒผใƒซใซใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใƒซใ‚’ใฆใ‚“ใทใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€

    [00:09]

    ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ใใ‚‡ใ†ใฏใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚๏ฝขใ€œใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ๏ฝฃใ‚’ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚

    Repeat after me

    [00:20]

    1. ใ‹ใœใใ™ใ‚Šใ‚’ ใฎใ‚€ใฎใ‚’ ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    2. ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใฎใŸใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใณใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ‹ใ†ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    3. ใ‚€ใ™ใ“ใฎใŠในใ‚“ใจใ†ใ‚’ ใคใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    4. ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใ‚จใƒณใƒˆใซ ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ‚‰ใใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    5. ใ‚นใƒžใƒ›ใ‚’ ใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใงใ‚“ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    [01:28]

    ใงใฏใ€ใคใŽใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใถใ‚“ใ‚’ใคใใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    ใธใ‚„ใฎใงใ‚“ใใ€ใ‘ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“

    โ†’ ใธใ‚„ใฎใงใ‚“ใใ‚’ใ‘ใ™ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    [01:41]

    1. ใฆใ„ใใ‘ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใฆใใพใ›ใ‚“

    โ†’ใฆใ„ใใ‘ใ‚“ใ‚’ ใ‚‚ใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    (ใฆใ„ใใ‘ใ‚“ = commuter pass, season ticket)

    2. ใ‹ใ„ใŽใฎใ˜ใ‹ใ‚“ใฎใธใ‚“ใ“ใ†ใ€ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใซใ„ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“

    โ†’ใ‹ใ„ใŽใฎใ˜ใ‹ใ‚“ใฎใธใ‚“ใ“ใ†ใ‚’ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใซใ„ใ†ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    3. ใชใพใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใ™ใใซใ€ใ‚Œใ„ใžใ†ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“

    โ†’ ใชใพใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ™ใใซใ‚Œใ„ใžใ†ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    (ใชใพใ‚‚ใฎ = raw, perishable items]

    4. ใญใ‚‹ใพใˆใ€ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ€ใ‘ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“

    โ†’ใญใ‚‹ใพใˆใซใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’ใ‘ใ™ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    5. ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฎใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒผใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใฆใงใพใ›ใ‚“

    โ†’ ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฎใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒผใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใฆใงใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    = I locked myself out of my room.

    Dialogue (Plain(1) style)

    [03:55]

    ใŸใ‹ใฏใ—ใ•ใ‚“ใฏ ใ—ใ”ใจใŒใŠใ‚ใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใƒˆใซใ„ใใจใกใ‚…ใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใƒˆใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚ใ™ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซใงใ‚“ใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใฉใ†ใ*ใฎใ•ใ‹ใ‚‚ใจใ•ใ‚“ใŒใพใ ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

    *ใฉใ†ใ = started working at the same time (tend to speak in plain style if they are similar age)

    Support the show

    =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=
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    Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

  • [โœ2. Andante] (ใฒใจใŒ)Vใฆ+ใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€(ใฒใจ)ใซVใฆ+ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ™implying a sense of gratitude for receiving actions : Actually, Japanese tend to use often these expressions.

    How do you explain the difference between โ€œใƒˆใƒ ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ใŸใ—ใซ ใˆใ„ใ”ใ‚’ใŠใ—ใˆใพใ™โ€ and โ€œใƒˆใƒ ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ใŸใ—ใซ ใˆใ„ใ”ใ‚’ใŠใ—ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™โ€œ ? The first one simply tells the fact that Tom san teaches me English, and the latter adds my gratitude to it. I would say itโ€™s almost like, โ€œHe is kind enough to teach me Englishโ€.

    โ€œMacron san (kindly) bought me a cafรฉ au lait.โ€

    [00:08]

    Hello everyone. Letโ€™s practice โ€œใ€œte kuremasu (te form+ kuremasuโ€.

    Repeat after me

    [00:16]

    1. lend > [Vte + kuremasu]

    2. expain

    3. take(someone)

    4. help

    5. pay a bill/treat

    [01:03]

    Now, listen to the [Key Words] first, and then repeat the sentence.

    Key Words:

    [01:11]

    Tumi san, suitcase, lend

    [01:17]

    1. Shall we go buy a suitcase together?

    2. Ah, noโ€ฆTumi san will (kindly) lend me one (so I donโ€™t have to buy one).

    [01:44]

    Key Words:

    Amy san, clean the room, help

    [01:52]

    A: Shall I help you clean your room?

    B: No worries, because Amy san will (kindly) help me.

    [02:20]

    Key Words:

    Macron san, cafรฉ au lait, treat/buy

    [02:27]

    1. What did Macron san buy(treat) for you?

    2. He (kindly) bought me a cafรฉ au lait.

    [02:56]

    Next comes (someone) niใ€œte moraimsu.

    It means you receive an action from someone or you ask someone to do / have someone do something. And here again, it includes a hint of gratitude.

    =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=

    ใ€Œใƒžใ‚ฏใƒญใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ซใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚ชใƒฌใ‚’ ใŠใ”ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€

    How do you explain the difference between โ€œใƒˆใƒ ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ใŸใ—ใซ ใˆใ„ใ”ใ‚’ใŠใ—ใˆใพใ™โ€ and โ€œใƒˆใƒ ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ใŸใ—ใซ ใˆใ„ใ”ใ‚’ใŠใ—ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™โ€œ ? The first one simply tells the fact that Tom san teaches me English, and the latter adds my gratitude to it. I would say itโ€™s almost like, โ€œHe is kind enough to teach me Englishโ€.

    [00: 08]

    ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ใงใฏใ€๏ฝขใ€œใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™(te form+ใใ‚Œใพใ™)๏ฝฃใ‚’ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    Repeat after me

    [00:16]

    1. ใ‹ใ—ใพใ™ ๏ผž ใ‹ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™[Vte +ใใ‚Œใพใ™]

    2. ใ›ใคใ‚ใ„ใ—ใพใ™๏ผžใ›ใคใ‚ใ„ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™

    3. ใคใ‚Œใฆใ„ใใพใ™๏ผžใคใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™

    4. ใฆใคใ ใ„ใพใ™๏ผžใฆใคใ ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™

    5. ใŠใ”ใ‚Šใพใ™๏ผžใŠใ”ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™

    [01:03]

    ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰[Key Words]ใ‚’ใใ„ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใถใ‚“ใ‚’ใƒชใƒ”ใƒผใƒˆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

    Key words:

    [01:11]

    ใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒŸใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใ€ใ‹ใ—ใพใ™

    [01:17]

    1. ใ„ใฃใ—ใ‚‡ใซใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใ‹ใ„ใซใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚

    2. ใ‚ใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆโ€ฆใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒŸใ•ใ‚“ใŒ ใ‹ใ—ใฆ ใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚

    [01:44]

    Key Words:

    ใ‚จใ‚คใƒŸใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใธใ‚„ใฎใใ†ใ˜ใ€ใฆใคใ ใ„ใพใ™

    [01:52]

    1. ใธใ‚„ใฎใใ†ใ˜ใ‚’ใฆใคใ ใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚

    2. ใ ใ„ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใถใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚จใ‚คใƒŸใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใŒใฆใคใ ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚

    [02:20]

    Key Words:

    ใƒžใ‚ฏใƒญใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ซใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚ชใƒฌใ€ใŠใ”ใ‚‹

    [02:27]

    1. ใชใซใ‚’ ใƒžใ‚ฏใƒญใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใŒ ใŠใ”ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚

    2. ใ‚ซใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚ชใƒฌใ‚’ใŠใ”ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

    [02:56]

    ใคใŽใฏ๏ฝข(ใฒใจใซ)ใ€œใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ™๏ฝฃใงใ™ใ€‚

    It means you receive an action from someone or you ask someone to do / have someone do something. And here again, it includes a hint of gratitude.

    Support the show

    =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=
    Need more translation & transcript? Become a patron: More episodes with full translation and Japanese transcripts. Members-only podcast feed for your smartphone app. Japanese Swotter on Patreon
    Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

  • [โœ1. Adagio] ใฒใจใ‚Šใ€ใฒใจใคใ€ใปใ‚“ใ€ใพใ„ใ€ใ ใ„

    โ€œ(Itโ€™s/Iโ€™m) one person (Iโ€™m alone/Just me.)โ€

    [00:07]

    Hello everyone.

    [00:08]

    You count things up to ten as follows.

    Repeat after me

    [00:13]

    1. one

    2. two

    3. three

    4. four

    5. five

    6. six

    7. seven

    8. eight

    9. nine

    10. ten

    [00:54]

    Now, answer as follows.

    How many apples are there? / 6

    โ†’ There are 6.

    Ready?

    [01:05]

    1. How many chairs are there? / 8

    โ†’ There are 8.

    2. How many batteries do you buy? / 9

    โ†’ I buy 2.

    3. How many rice balls do you eat? / 2

    โ†’ I eat 9.

    4. How many glasses do you buy? / 7

    โ†’ I buy 7.

    5. How many tennis balls are there? / 12

    โ†’ There are 12.

    [02:10]

    12 is ichi-daasu = a dozen.

    You can say 1 ko(ikko)ใ€2 ko(niko)ใ€3ko(sanko)ใ€4ko(yonko)โ€ฆ for small things.

    You choose right counter, which are about 500 counters, depending on what you are referring. Today we learn the most basic.

    [02:17]

    When it comes to people, โ€œninโ€ is attached after the number, except for one and two.

    Repeat after me

    [02:26]

    1. one person

    2. two persons

    3. three persons

    4. four persons

    5. five persons

    [02:51]

    Please answer as follows.

    [02:53]

    For example,

    How many people are coming tomorrow? / 2

    โ†’ Two people are coming.

    Ready?
    =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=

    ใ€Œใฒใจใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€

    [00: 07]

    ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚.

    [00:08]

    You count things up to ten as follows.

    Repeat after me

    [00:13]

    1. ใฒใจใค

    2. ใตใŸใค

    3. ใฟใฃใค

    4. ใ‚ˆใฃใค

    5. ใ„ใคใค

    6. ใ‚€ใฃใค

    7. ใชใชใค

    8. ใ‚„ใฃใค

    9. ใ“ใ“ใฎใค

    10. ใจใŠ

    [00:54]

    ใงใฏใ€ใคใŽใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ“ใŸใˆใพใ™ใ€‚

    ใ‚Šใ‚“ใ”ใŒ ใ„ใใค ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ / ๏ผ–

    [= ใ„ใใค ใ‚Šใ‚“ใ”ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚]

    โ†’ ใ‚€ใฃใค ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

    [01:05]

    1. ใ„ใ™ใŒ ใ„ใใค ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ / 8

    โ†’ ใ‚„ใฃใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚

    2. ใงใ‚“ใกใ‚’ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚/ 9

    โ†’ ใ“ใ“ใฎใค ใ‹ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

    3. ใŠใซใŽใ‚Šใ‚’ใ„ใใคใŸในใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚/ 2

    โ†’ ใตใŸใค ใŸในใพใ™ใ€‚

    4. ใ„ใใค ใ‚ณใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ใ‹ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ / 7

    โ†’ใชใชใค ใ‹ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

    5. ใ„ใใค ใƒ†ใƒ‹ใ‚นใƒœใƒผใƒซใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ / 12

    โ†’ 12 (ใ“)ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚

    [02:10]

    12ใ“(ใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใซใ“)ใฏ๏ผ‘ใƒ€ใƒผใ‚น(ใ„ใกใƒ€ใƒผใ‚น)ใงใ™ใญใ€‚

    You can say 1ใ“(ใ„ใฃใ“)ใ€2ใ“(ใซใ“)ใ€3ใ“(ใ•ใ‚“ใ“)ใ€4ใ“(ใ‚ˆใ‚“ใ“)โ€ฆ for small things.

    You choose right counter, which are about 500 counters, depending on what you are referring. Today we learn the most basic.

    [02:17]

    When it comes to people, ใซใ‚“ is attached after the number, except for one and two.

    Repeat after me

    [02:26]

    1. ใฒใจใ‚Š

    2. ใตใŸใ‚Š

    3. ใ•ใ‚“ใซใ‚“

    4. ใ‚ˆใซใ‚“ (ใ‚ˆใ‚“ใซใ‚“)

    5. ใ”ใซใ‚“

    [02:51]

    ใงใฏใ€ใคใŽใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ“ใŸใˆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    [02:53]

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    ใ‚ใ—ใŸ ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใŒ ใชใ‚“ใซใ‚“ ใใพใ™ใ‹ / ๏ผ’

    โ†’ใตใŸใ‚Šใ€ใใพใ™ใ€‚

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

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    Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

  • [โœ3-Moderato,4-Allegretto] ask for a reply, intention to confirm (excl. past tense)
    โ€œYou donโ€™t like sushi, right?โ€

    [00 07]

    Hello, everyone.

    [00:09]

    Letโ€™s think about the situation. You are invited to a party on Saturday. Well, you think itโ€™s next Saturday, but not sure. So, youโ€™d like to confirm itโ€™s really next Saturday, youโ€™d ask โ€œThe party is next Saturday, right?โ€ The nuance of this โ€œright?โ€ can be expressed by "ใ€œdakke?".

    [00:30]

    In masu-form, ending particle โ€yoneโ€ is added to double check something.

    [00:39]

    In fact, in casual conversations, โ€œใ€œdakkeโ€ is used quite frequently.

    Note: You know how to construct โ€œ ใ€œn desuโ€œ. Now just add โ€œdakke?โ€ after โ€œnโ€.

    [00:46]

    Anyway, letโ€™s practice.

    For example,

    go? [masu form] > [ใ€œn desu ka]

    You go (you are going), right?

    Ready?

    [00:57]

    1. [masu form] > [ใ€œn desu ka] โ†’ You buy (it), right?

    2. โ†’ You read (it), right?

    3. โ†’ You do (it), right?

    4. โ†’ You come, right?

    5. โ†’ There is, right?

    Repeat after me

    [01:45]

    1. You have a friend in Calfornia, right?

    2. I copy this, right?

    3. You donโ€™t have time today, right?

    4. You donโ€™t eat meat, right?

    5. You donโ€™t drink alcohol, right?

    6. You donโ€™t like Sushi, right?

    [02:51]

    Now, make a sentence as follows.

    For example,

    [02:55]

    Do you have a car?

    โ†’ You have a car, right?

    Ready?

    =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=
    ใ€Œใ™ใ—ใŒ ใ™ใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸใ€

    [00: 07]

    ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚

    [00:09]

    Letโ€™s imagine the following situation. You are invited to a party on Saturday. Well, you think it is Saturday next week, but you are not sure. So, youโ€™d ask: โ€œThe party is next Saturday, right?โ€ The nuance of this โ€œright?โ€ can be expressed by ใ€Œใ€œใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸใ€.

    [00:30]

    In masu-form, ending particleใ‚ˆใญ is added to double check something, or to seek for an agreement.

    [00:39]

    In fact, in casual conversations, ๏ฝขใ€œใ ใฃใ‘?๏ฝฃ is often used.

    Note: You know how to construct โ€œ ใ€œใ‚“ใงใ™โ€œใ€‚Now just add ๏ฝขใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ๏ฝฃ, after ใ€Œใ‚“ใ€ใ€‚

    [00:46]

    ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ใ‚Œใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    ใ„ใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผžใ„ใใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ

    โ†’ใ„ใใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹

    [00:57]

    1. ใ‹ใ„ใพใ™๏ผžใ‹ใ†ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ

    โ†’ใ‹ใ†ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    2. ใ‚ˆใฟใพใ™๏ผžใ‚ˆใ‚€ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ

    โ†’ใ‚ˆใ‚€ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    3. ใ—ใพใ™๏ผžใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ

    โ†’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    4. ใใพใ™๏ผžใใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ

    โ†’ใใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    5. ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™๏ผžใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ

    โ†’ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    Repeat after me

    [01:45]

    1. ใ‚ซใƒชใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒซใƒ‹ใ‚ขใซ ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใŒ ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    2. ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    3. ใใ‚‡ใ† ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚“ใŒใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    4. ใซใใ‚’ ใŸในใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    5. ใŠใ•ใ‘ใ‚’ ใฎใพใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    6. ใ™ใ—ใŒ ใ™ใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    [02:51]

    ใงใฏใ€ใคใŽใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใถใ‚“ใ‚’ใคใใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚

    ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€

    [02:55]

    ใใ‚‹ใพใ‚’ ใ‚‚ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ

    โ†’ ใใ‚‹ใพใ‚’ ใ‚‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ

    ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹

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    Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.